TikZ 中的 Z 向量

Question

在 TikZ 中使用 3D 座標時，有沒有辦法改變 Z 向量的方向，使其不會指向 XY 平面中的 45 度角？給定如下所示的立方體圖，我想要一個很好的方法來移動後面的面，而無需調整座標。

\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw (0,0,0) -- (1,0,0) -- (1,1,0) -- (0,1,0) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,1) -- (1,0,1) -- (1,1,1) -- (0,1,1) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1); \draw (1,0,0) -- (1,0,1); \draw (0,1,0) -- (0,1,1); \draw (1,1,0) -- (1,1,1); 
\end{tikzpicture}

查看手冊，我只能找到改變 Z 向量長度的能力，而不是改變它的方向。

Answer 1

您可以使用 鍵指定 z 方向的單位向量z，使 z 向量出現在 XY 平面中的給定角度。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[z={(60:0.5cm)}]
    \draw (0,0,0) -- (1,0,0) -- (1,1,0) -- (0,1,0) -- cycle;
    \draw (0,0,1) -- (1,0,1) -- (1,1,1) -- (0,1,1) -- cycle;
    \draw (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1); \draw (1,0,0) -- (1,0,1); \draw (0,1,0) -- (0,1,1); \draw (1,1,0) -- (1,1,1);
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}[z={(3cm,1.5cm)}]
    \draw (0,0,0) -- (1,0,0) -- (1,1,0) -- (0,1,0) -- cycle;
    \draw (0,0,1) -- (1,0,1) -- (1,1,1) -- (0,1,1) -- cycle;
    \draw (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1); \draw (1,0,0) -- (1,0,1); \draw (0,1,0) -- (0,1,1); \draw (1,1,0) -- (1,1,1);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

您可以使用rotate around y=<angle>。類似地還有rotate around x=<angle>和rotate around z=<angle>。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
\draw (0,0,0) -- (1,0,0) -- (1,1,0) -- (0,1,0) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,1) -- (1,0,1) -- (1,1,1) -- (0,1,1) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1); \draw (1,0,0) -- (1,0,1);
\draw (0,1,0) -- (0,1,1); \draw (1,1,0) -- (1,1,1);
\draw[red] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,2)node {$z$};
\end{tikzpicture}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[rotate around y=45]
\draw (0,0,0) -- (1,0,0) -- (1,1,0) -- (0,1,0) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,1) -- (1,0,1) -- (1,1,1) -- (0,1,1) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1); \draw (1,0,0) -- (1,0,1); 
\draw (0,1,0) -- (0,1,1); \draw (1,1,0) -- (1,1,1);
\draw[red] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,2)node {$z$};
\end{tikzpicture}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[rotate around x=45]
\draw (0,0,0) -- (1,0,0) -- (1,1,0) -- (0,1,0) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,1) -- (1,0,1) -- (1,1,1) -- (0,1,1) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1); \draw (1,0,0) -- (1,0,1);
\draw (0,1,0) -- (0,1,1); \draw (1,1,0) -- (1,1,1);
\draw[red] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,2)node {$z$};
\end{tikzpicture}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[rotate around z=5]
\draw (0,0,0) -- (1,0,0) -- (1,1,0) -- (0,1,0) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,1) -- (1,0,1) -- (1,1,1) -- (0,1,1) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,0) -- (0,0,1); \draw (1,0,0) -- (1,0,1);
\draw (0,1,0) -- (0,1,1); \draw (1,1,0) -- (1,1,1);
\draw[red] (0,0,0) -- (0,0,2)node {$z$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}