將清單與頁面上的兩列對齊並居中

Question

考慮以下程式碼取自這裡產生一個精美的清單：

% PACKAGES
\documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{book}
\usepackage[top=1in, bottom=1in, left=1in, right=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\tcbuselibrary{skins,listings}
\definecolor{nicedarkgreen}{RGB}{0,127,0}
\definecolor{nicedarkblue}{RGB}{0, 0, 102}

% LISTINGS
\newtcblisting{cpplisting}[1][]{%
  enhanced,
  arc = 0pt,
  outer arc = 0pt,
  colback = blue!5,
  colframe = nicedarkblue,
  listing only,
  fonttitle = \bfseries,
  listing options = {%
    basicstyle=\tiny\ttfamily,
    keywordstyle=\color{blue},
    language = C++,
    commentstyle=\color{nicedarkgreen},
    tabsize=2,
    morekeywords={constexpr},
    multicols = 2,
    numbers = left,
    xleftmargin = 0.5em,
    showstringspaces = false,
  },
  overlay = {%
    \fill[gray!30] 
      (interior.north west)
      rectangle 
      ([xshift = 1.25em]interior.south west);
    \fill[gray!30] 
      ([xshift = -1em]interior.north)
      rectangle 
      ([xshift = 0.25em]interior.south);
    \draw[ultra thick, nicedarkblue]
      ([xshift = -1em]interior.north) -- 
      ([xshift = -1em]interior.south); 
  }
  /utils/exec = {%
    \def\thelstnumber{%
      \texttt{\csname two@digits\endcsname{\the\value{lstnumber}}}}},
  title = {\centering\ttfamily #1}
}

% TEST
\begin{document}
\lipsum[1]
\begin{cpplisting}[An example of C++ file]
// Include
#include <iostream>

// Example
int main()
{
    std::cout<<"Hello World"<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<"This is just an example"<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<"With two columns"<<std::endl;
    return 0;
}
\end{cpplisting}
\end{document}

和 ：

• α：一列文字寬度
• 貝塔：第一列寬度
• 伽瑪：第二列寬度
• 畝：數字列寬
• 怒：數字和文字之間的距離
• 西格瑪：穆+努
• 菲：標題和第一行之間的距離
• 磅/平方英寸: 最後一行之後的距離

它看起來很棒......但對齊不是，這讓我頭痛......而不是當前的結果，我想要：

• 貝塔 = 伽瑪：相同的總列寬（因此中間的藍線將對應於頁面的中間）
• 畝：調整為包含 3 位數字（當數字為三位數時，我希望它居中畝）
• phi = psi: 頂部和底部邊距相同

要準確地了解邏輯，如果所有這些都可以使用以下方式以程式設計方式實現，那就太好了：

\newlength{...}
\setlength{...}{...}

或類似的東西。

如何實現這項目標？

Answer 1

這是經過3個多小時的猶豫和實驗後的結果。它為我的特定字體/字體大小產生了我想要的結果，但它仍然是實驗性的。使其能夠針對不同字體/字體大小正確縮放的改進將不勝感激：

% PACKAGES
\documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{book}
\usepackage[top=1in, bottom=1in, left=1in, right=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\usepackage{layouts}
\usepackage{calc}
\tcbuselibrary{skins,listings}
\definecolor{nicedarkgreen}{RGB}{0,127,0}
\definecolor{nicedarkblue}{RGB}{0, 0, 102}
\definecolor{lstgrey}{RGB}{217, 217, 217}
\definecolor{lstback}{RGB}{242, 242, 255}

% LISTINGS
\newlength{\zerolength}
\setlength{\zerolength}{0em}
\newlength{\tinyheight}
\setlength{\tinyheight}{\totalheightof{\tiny\ttfamily PpQq}}
\newlength{\beforetitle}
\setlength{\beforetitle}{2pt}
\newlength{\numberlength}
\setlength{\numberlength}{\widthof{\tiny\ttfamily 9999}}
\setlength{\numberlength}{0.25\numberlength}
\makeatletter
\def\three@digits#1{\ifnum#1<10 00\else\ifnum#1<100 0\fi\fi\number#1}
\makeatother
\newtcblisting{cpplisting}[1][]{%
  % Frame
  enhanced,
  arc = \zerolength,
  outer arc = \zerolength,
  % Title
  fonttitle = \ttfamily,
  toptitle = \zerolength,
  bottomtitle = \zerolength,
  titlerule = \zerolength,
  toptitle = \beforetitle,
  bottomtitle = \beforetitle,
  % Vertical alignment
  top = -0.5\tinyheight,
  bottom = 0.25\tinyheight,
  % Horizontal alignment
  left = \zerolength,
  right = 1.5\numberlength,
  colback = lstback,
  colframe = nicedarkblue,
  % Contents
  listing only,
  title = {\centering #1},
  listing options = {%
    % Language
    language = C++,
    tabsize=2, 
    basicstyle=\tiny\ttfamily,
    keywordstyle=\color{blue},
    commentstyle=\color{nicedarkgreen},
    morekeywords={constexpr},
    showstringspaces = false,
    % Alignment
    multicols = 2,
    numbers = left,
    numbersep = 2\numberlength, 
    xleftmargin = 5\numberlength,
    framesep = \zerolength,
    aboveskip = \zerolength,
    belowskip = \zerolength,
  },
  overlay = {%
    \fill[lstgrey] (interior.north west) rectangle ([xshift = 5\numberlength] interior.south west);
    \draw[ultra thick, nicedarkblue] ([xshift = \zerolength] interior.north) -- ([xshift = \zerolength] interior.south);
    \fill[lstgrey] (interior.north) rectangle ([xshift = 5\numberlength] interior.south); 
  },
  %/utils/exec = {%
  %  \def\thelstnumber{%
  %    \texttt{\csname three@digits\endcsname{\the\value{lstnumber}}}}}
}

% TEST
\begin{document}
\lipsum[1]
\begin{cpplisting}[An example of a C++ file]
// Include
#include <iostream>

// Example
int main()
{
    std::cout<<"Hello World"<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<"This is just an example"<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<"With two columns"<<std::endl;
    return 0;
}
\end{cpplisting}
\end{document}