
我正在玩弄交叉點,為光學講座繪製插圖。但是,我遇到了一些問題,如下例所示:
%!TEX encoding = UTF-8 Unicode
%!TEX program = lualatex
\documentclass[11pt,a4paper,fleqn,pdftex]{report}
\usepackage[dvipsnames, table]{xcolor}
\usepackage[utf8]{luainputenc}
\usepackage[latin,english]{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[!h]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\coordinate (M2) at (0,3);
\def\angleM{10}
% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
\draw[color=Red, thick] (M2) -- (intersection cs: first line={(M2)--++(90 - \angleM:-8)}, second line={(45:-4)--(45:4)}) circle (2pt);
\draw[color=Red, thick] (intersection cs: first line={(M2)--++(90 - \angleM:-8)}, second line={(45:-4)--(45:4)}) circle (2pt) -- (M2);
% <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
\draw[thick] (M2) ++(1,0) -- ++(-2,0) node[left]{$M_2$};
\fill[pattern=north east lines] (M2) ++(1,0) rectangle ++(-2,0.2);
\draw[very thick] (45:-2) -- (45:2);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
% >>>>>…
在此範例中,和之間的兩條線% <<<<…
應繪製相同的線,但不像您在此處看到的那樣:
雖然說明幾乎相同(僅繪製方向不同),但線條並未以應有的方式重疊。我可以做什麼來避免這種情況?
答案1
這似乎是一個舍入問題。這個問題和中討論的問題TikZ 不計算交集提示交集座標系存在一些問題(實際上PGF手冊並沒有提及,只是給了它的使用範例)。
無論如何,作為一種解決方法,您可以加載intersections
庫然後執行
\path
[name path=line1] (M2) -- ++(90 - \angleM:-8)
[name path=line2] (45:-4) -- (45:4);
\draw[Red,thick,name intersections={of=line1 and line2}]
(intersection-1) circle (2pt) -- (M2);
這只是比使用 長一點intersection cs
,但您不會因舍入問題導致的不同結果而煩惱。並排顯示這兩種方法的完整範例:
%!TEX encoding = UTF-8 Unicode
%!TEX program = lualatex
\documentclass[11pt,a4paper,fleqn,pdftex]{report}
\usepackage[dvipsnames, table]{xcolor}
\usepackage[utf8]{luainputenc}
\usepackage[latin,english]{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{intersections}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
\coordinate (M2) at (0,3);
\def\angleM{10}
% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
\draw[color=Red, thick] (M2) -- (intersection cs: first line={(M2)--++(90 - \angleM:-8)}, second line={(45:-4)--(45:4)}) circle (2pt);
\draw[color=Red, thick] (intersection cs: first line={(M2)--++(90 - \angleM:-8)}, second line={(45:-4)--(45:4)}) circle (2pt) -- (M2);
% <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
\draw[thick] (M2) ++(1,0) -- ++(-2,0) node[left]{$M_2$};
\fill[pattern=north east lines] (M2) ++(1,0) rectangle ++(-2,0.2);
\draw[very thick] (45:-2) -- (45:2);
\end{tikzpicture}\qquad
%
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
\coordinate (M2) at (0,3);
\def\angleM{10}
\path
[name path=line1] (M2) -- ++(90 - \angleM:-8)
[name path=line2] (45:-4) -- (45:4);
\draw[Red,thick,name intersections={of=line1 and line2}]
(intersection-1) circle (2pt) -- (M2);
\draw[thick] (M2) ++(1,0) -- ++(-2,0) node[left]{$M_2$};
\fill[pattern=north east lines] (M2) ++(1,0) rectangle ++(-2,0.2);
\draw[very thick] (45:-2) -- (45:2);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}