使用 TikZ 進行彭羅斯圖形表示法

Question

如何使用 TikZ 繪製這樣的張量網路？

也許可以在上面添加一些文字。

我對 LaTeX 非常熟悉，但對 TikZ 仍然是菜鳥。我會廣泛地畫這些形狀，並希望知道它們的模板。謝謝！

編輯

這就是我到目前為止所做的。我不確定如何在指定邊界連接線、放置節點的正確方法（相對位置或座標？）以及如何將標記放置在指定位置。

\documentclass[tikz,multi,border=10pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
[
    triangle/.style = {regular polygon, regular polygon sides=3, draw=black, fill=green!60!black, inner sep=0pt, minimum size=2cm},
    border rotated/.style = {shape border rotate=180},
    rectangular/.style={fill=brown!80!black, rectangle, rounded corners = 5pt, draw=black, inner sep=0pt, minimum width=4.5cm, minimum height=1cm},
    square/.style={fill=blue!60!black, rectangle, draw=black, inner sep=0pt, minimum size = 1cm}
]

    \node[square] (1) {};
    \node[triangle, border rotated] (2) [below left = 1cm  of 1] {};
    \node[triangle, border rotated] (3) [below right = 1cm  of 1] {};
    \node[rectangular] (4) [below=3cm of 1] {};
    \node[square] (7) [below = 7cm of 1]{};
    \node[triangle] (5) [above left = 1cm  of 7] {};
    \node[triangle] (6) [above right = 1cm  of 7]{};

    \draw (2.35) -- +(0,0.2) -- (1);
    \draw (2.145) to [bend right=45] (5.215);
    \draw (3.145) -- +(0,0.2) -- (1);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 1

我不確定我是否理解您所問的所有 3 點。例如，我不確定“令牌”指的是什麼，儘管我猜測是實心的黑色圓圈。

一般來說，相對定位使得以後修改程式碼更容易。例如，可以更輕鬆地將新內容新增至圖表並自動調整其他內容。但這實際上是一個在特定情況下什麼最有效的問題。例如，通常情況下，一次性使用絕對定位會更快，儘管它會降低程式碼的靈活性。

我已重命名triangle為triangular以避免覆蓋triangle形狀。

下面的程式碼顯示了一種方法：

• 從適當的點連接三角形；
• 從適當的點將三角形連接到矩形；
• 在矩形上添加黑色圓圈；
• 添加帶有標籤的彎曲箭頭s'。

希望這能讓您在現有的基礎上進一步發展。

\documentclass[tikz,multi,border=10pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
[
    triangular/.style = {regular polygon, regular polygon sides=3, draw=black, fill=green!60!black, inner sep=0pt, minimum size=2cm},
    border rotated/.style = {shape border rotate=180},
    rectangular/.style={fill=brown!80!black, rectangle, rounded corners = 5pt, draw=black, inner sep=0pt, minimum width=4.5cm, minimum height=1cm},
    square/.style={fill=blue!60!black, rectangle, draw=black, inner sep=0pt, minimum size = 1cm}
]

    \node[square] (1) {};
    \node[triangular, border rotated] (2) [below left = 1cm  of 1] {};
    \node[triangular, border rotated] (3) [below right = 1cm  of 1] {};
    \node[rectangular] (4) [below=3cm of 1] {};
    \node[square] (7) [below = 7cm of 1]{};
    \node[triangular] (5) [above left = 1cm  of 7] {};
    \node[triangular] (6) [above right = 1cm  of 7]{};

    \draw (2.35) -- +(0,0.2) -- (1);
    \draw (2.145) .. controls +(-7.5mm,35mm) and +(-7.5mm,-35mm) .. (5.215);
    \draw (3.145) -- +(0,0.2) -- (1);
    \draw (5.-35) -- +(0,-0.2) -- (7);
    \draw (6.-145) -- +(0,-0.2) -- (7);
    \draw (3.35) .. controls +(7.5mm,35mm) and +(7.5mm,-35mm) .. (6.-35);
    \draw (2.south) -- (4.north -| 2.south) (3.south) -- (4.north -| 3.south) (4.south -| 5.north) -- (5.north) (4.south -| 6.north) -- (6.north);

    \path (2.south) -- node [fill, circle] {} (5.north);
    \path (3.south) -- node [fill, circle] {} (6.north);
    \draw [<-] (4.north west) [bend right] to ++(-10mm,10mm) node [anchor=south] {$s'$};

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}