下列的這個答案，我有一個數據文件P.dat，我需要將其繪製為填充等高線圖。
但是，我收到了這個錯誤
包 pgfplots 錯誤：嚴重：shader=interp：得到不支援的 pdf 著色類型「0」。這可能會損壞您的 pdf！ \結束{軸}
如果我能知道錯誤來源以及如何使輸出與 MATLAB 所需的相匹配，我將不勝感激。
數據
微量元素
\RequirePackage{luatex85}
\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}
\addplot3[contour filled] table {P.dat};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
MATLAB 所需輸出
更新1
我製作了另一個包含NaNz 值的資料檔案來說明空白資料（空白）並指定了行數和列數，但我得到了這個不需要的輸出。
P2.dat
兆瓦2
\RequirePackage{luatex85}
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepgfplotslibrary{patchplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[view={0}{90}]
\addplot3[contour filled,mesh/rows=31,mesh/cols=11,mesh/check=false] table {P2.dat};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
輸出2
更新2
回想一下我的原始 MATLAB 數據，如何刪除所有值z等於或超過的點1723以獲得與我想要的輸出類似的輸出？
P3.dat
兆威3
\RequirePackage{luatex85}
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepgfplotslibrary{patchplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[view={0}{90},colorbar, point meta max=1723, point meta min=300,]
\addplot3[contour filled={number = 25,labels={false}},mesh/rows=31,mesh/cols=11,mesh/check=false
] table {P3.dat};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
輸出3
答案1
這裡我提出兩種解決方案。
解決方案1（影像的左側部分）
這試圖利用 PGFPlots 的功能重現 Matlab 圖形。為了「確認」我做對了，我首先保存了你的Matlab影像並裁剪軸部分。然後我將其添加為\addplot graphics並在其之上添加了真實繪圖，即\addplot contour filled50% 透明的繪圖。這樣可以檢查我是否發現間隔邊界正確。
說我認為你上面的說法是錯的。看來您刪除了所有值 >1600 的顏色。這也是有道理的，因為最大限度文件中的值為P3.dat1723 ...
解決方案2（影像右側）
這裡我只是使用了上面裁剪的 Matlab 圖像並重現了色條。
比較
正如您在解決方案 1 中看到的，存在一些“偽影”，這些“偽影”不會使結果像 Matlab 結果一樣平滑。也就是說，因為輪廓計算/視覺化僅有的取決於您的 PDF 檢視器的功能。說可能你的結果和我的不一樣。我從 Acrobat Reader XI 中的視圖中截取了螢幕截圖。
這就是為什麼我贊成解 2。
為了改善結果，您應該將 Matlab 視圖修改為僅有的顯示輪廓，即刪除軸線和網格線。那麼唯一的差異可能是 Matlab 等高線圖中使用/顯示的顏色和 PGFPlots 計算的色條。具體來說，我的意思是可以使用 RGB 顏色和另一種 CMYK 顏色。但既然你有插畫家，正如你所說，你可以檢查並調整兩個部分之一，即 Matlab 或 PGFPlots 輸出。
您也可以在 Matlab 中建立「純」（即沒有任何軸）色條版本，並將該圖形匯入 PGFPlots 色條中。當然然後是顏色是完全相同的。
有關解決方案如何工作的更多詳細信息，請查看程式碼中的註釋。
% used PGFPlots v1.14
\RequirePackage{luatex85}
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{
% you need at least this `compat' level or higher to use the below features
compat=1.14,
% define a "white" colormap for the white part of the image
colormap={no data}{
color=(white)
% color=(white)
color=(red)
},
% load this colormap which is later used
colormap/bluered,
% define the "parula" colormap that was used to create the exported image
% from Matlab
% (borrowed from http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/336647/95441)
colormap={parula}{
rgb255=(53,42,135)
rgb255=(15,92,221)
rgb255=(18,125,216)
rgb255=(7,156,207)
rgb255=(21,177,180)
rgb255=(89,189,140)
rgb255=(165,190,107)
rgb255=(225,185,82)
rgb255=(252,206,46)
rgb255=(249,251,14)
},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
view={0}{90},
colorbar,
% modify the style of the colorbar a bit
colorbar style={
ytick distance=200,
ymax=1600,
},
% this key--value is needed because of the `\addplot graphics'
enlargelimits=false,
]
% import the "exported" graphics
\addplot graphics [
xmin=0,
xmax=50,
ymin=0,
ymax=150,
] {P3};
% now try to reproduce the style of the exported graphics
\addplot3 [
% for that use, e.g., the `countour filled' feature ...
contour filled={
% ... in combination with the `levels of colormap' feature
% which allows to customize the used colormap
levels from colormap={
% this part of the colormap is for the "colored" part
of colormap={
% here we use the above initialized `bluered' colormap
bluered,
% % (`viridis' is a colormap which is similar to the
% % used `parula' comormap in Matlab.
% % But because the yellow is hard to identify
% % in this context we use the above colormap)
% viridis,
% with this we state there is more to come
target pos max=,
% and here we state where the corresponding levels
% should *start*
target pos={200,400,600,800,1000,1200,1400},
},
% here comes the second part of the colormap which
% should have no color which isn't possible or at least
% I don't have an idea how to do it ...
of colormap={
% ... so I use a "white" colormap instead
no data,
% here the lower end isn't needed because that was
% specified in the first part of the colormap
target pos min=,
% and here is the corresponding interval *start*
% for that colormap
% (as you can see -- or not ;) -- the white starts
% at position/values >=1600)
target pos={1600},
},
},
},
% you need only to provide `rows' or `cols' because
% PGFPlots can then calculate the other value together with
% the provded number of data points
mesh/rows=31,
% make the plot half transparent to check that the `target pos'
% of the colormap are chosen correct
opacity=0.5,
] table {P3.dat};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
% show the colorbar
colorbar,
% because there is no real plot where PGFPlots can get the `meta'
% data from, one has to provide them manually
point meta min=200,
point meta max=1800,
%%% here we define the needed colormap and its style again
% we want to use constant intervals in the colormap
colormap access=piecewise const,
% and also here we have to provide the limits again ...
of colormap/target pos min*=200,
of colormap/target pos max*=1800,
% ... and use this feature which makes easier to provide the
% samples at the right position
% (please have a look at the PGFPlots manual for more details)
of colormap/sample for=const,
% this is similar to the above example
colormap={CM}{
of colormap={
% ... except that we use the `parula' colormap here
parula,
target pos max=,
target pos={200,400,600,800,1000,1200,1400,1600},
},
of colormap={
no data,
target pos min=,
% here you can use an arbitrary value which is greater than
% the last `target pos' of the previous colormap part of course.
% But here I tried to "overwrite" the last color of the
% colormap, i.e. the "bright" yellow, as well by just
% giving it a very small interval
% (to show the effect increase the `ymax' value in the
% `colorbar style')
target pos={1601},
},
},
% modify the style of the colorbar a bit
colorbar style={
ytick distance=200,
ymin=300,
ymax=1600,
},
% this key--value is needed because of the `\addplot graphics'
enlargelimits=false,
]
\addplot graphics [
xmin=0,
xmax=50,
ymin=0,
ymax=150,
] {P3};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
