使用 2017 acmart 類別處理標題的子圖和表格的慣用方法？

Question

2016年底，ACM發布了2017 ACM Master 文章模板。此文檔類別破壞了許多可能使用早期 ACM 文檔類別（特別是 類別）編寫的 LaTeX 程式碼sig-alternate。

具體來說，我在新類別中為表格添加標題和使用子圖（帶標題或其他方式）時遇到了麻煩。這使用者手冊對此沒有提及，特別是在第 2.5 節中，涉及圖形和表格。

我不想問一些對我不起作用的具體問題，而是想知道解決這個問題的常見、慣用的方法：

• 哪些套件組合與類別（subfigure、subcaption、subfig等floatrow）一起使用？
• \patchcmd我應該在序言中包含一些特殊的初始化、ing 或其他巫術咒語嗎？
• 是否有我應該避免或小心的特定圖形/子圖佈局？字幕也是如此。

Answer 1

只是為了擴展鮑里斯的答案，以下是您可以（並且應該）如何使用subcaption.我\autoref相信最好使用\creffrom \cleveref。

\documentclass[sigconf]{acmart}

%---------------------------------------------------------------
% You don't need this block of lines in your article - I do
% need, them since I use placeholders instead of actual graphics
\usepackage{tcolorbox} % for graphics placeholders
\newcommand{\graphicsplaceholder}[2]{%
  \begin{tcolorbox}[valign=center,width=#1,height=#2,arc=0.5mm,auto outer arc]%
    \centering \sf missing graphic%
  \end{tcolorbox}%
}
%---------------------------------------------------------------

\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{cleveref}

\crefname{figure}{Figure}{Figures}

\begin{document}

\title{Tables, figures and subfigures \texorpdfstring{\\}{}
   with the new ACM 2017 article template}
\author{Nobody in particular}
\affiliation{\institution{University of Life}}
\email{[email protected]}
\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
\end{abstract}

\section{Figures}

Let's start with a simple figure, single-column, no subfigures --- using a
\texttt{figure} environment. That will be \cref{figure-with-no-subfigs}.

\begin{figure}[htpb]
  \centering
  % What you would typically have here is something like:
  % \includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{some-file.pdf}
  % but for this example, let's go with a placeholder instead:
  \graphicsplaceholder{8cm}{1cm}
  \caption{This is a figure with no subfigures}
  \label{figure-with-no-subfigs}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Figures with subfigures}

Let's add a figure with two subfigures; the subfigures will be added with
\verb|\subcaptionbox{caption goes here}|, so they should also be captioned. 
That will be \cref{first-figure-with-subfigures}.

\begin{figure}[htpb]
  \centering
  \subcaptionbox{Some subfigure\label{first-subfig}}{%
    % What you would typically have here is something like:
    % \includegraphics[width=0.2\textwidth]{some-file.pdf}
    % but for this example, let's go with a placeholder instead:
    \graphicsplaceholder{4cm}{1cm}%
  }
  \subcaptionbox{Another subfigure\label{second-subfig}}{%
    \graphicsplaceholder{4cm}{1cm}%
  }
  \caption{A caption for the single-column figure with two subfigures}
  \label{first-figure-with-subfigures}
\end{figure}

Let's conclude this section by repeating the same figure, but now as a 
two-column figure, i.e. using the \verb|{figure*}| environment. That will 
be \cref{a-two-column-figure}, with \cref{first-subfig} and \cref{second-subfig}.

\begin{figure*}[htpb]
  \centering
  \subcaptionbox{Yet another caption\label{third-subfig}}{%
    \graphicsplaceholder{8cm}{1cm}%
  }
  \subcaptionbox{This is getting old\label{fourth-subfig}}{%
    \graphicsplaceholder{8cm}{1cm}%
  }
  \caption{A caption for the two-column figure (also with two subfigures)}
  \label{a-two-column-figure}
\end{figure*}

\section{Tables}

Let's add a \texttt{table} environment, with a caption near the end of it
(after the \texttt{tabular} environment). That will be \cref{first-table}.

\begin{table}[thpb]
\begin{tabular}{ c c c }
  1 & 2 & 3 \\
  4 & 5 & 6 \\
  7 & 8 & 9 \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{This is a caption for a \texttt{table} float, with a 
  \texttt{tabular} environment inside it}
\label{first-table}
\end{table}

And we're all done, except for one last thing...:

\paragraph{Warning} Don't ever define a \verb|\tblname| command. This was 
possible with older ACM document class (e.g. \texttt{sig-alternate} v2.8), 
but now it will trigger errors when you try to caption your floats.

\end{document}

Answer 2

使用者指南第 2.12 節建議subcaption「適用於具有多個子圖或需要單獨字幕的子圖的複雜圖形」。

Answer 3

好的，下面的工作。對於軟體包的選擇或其他任何內容，我們歡迎評論中的回饋。

\documentclass[sigconf]{acmart}

%---------------------------------------------------------------
% You don't need this block of lines in your article - I do
% need them, since I use placeholders instead of actual graphics
\usepackage{tcolorbox} % for graphics placeholders
\newcommand{\graphicsplaceholder}[2]{%
  \begin{tcolorbox}[valign=center,width=#1,height=#2,arc=0.5mm,auto outer arc]%
    \centering%
     \sf missing graphic%
  \end{tcolorbox}%
}
%---------------------------------------------------------------

\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{subfig}

\begin{document}

\title{Tables, figures and subfigures \\ with the new ACM 2017 article template}

\author{Nobody in particular}
\affiliation{ \institution{University of Life} }
\email{[email protected]}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
\end{abstract}

\section{Figures}

Let's start with a simple figure, single-column, no subfigures --- using a 
\texttt{figure} environment. That will be \autoref{figure-with-no-subfigs}.

\begin{figure}[htpb]
  \centering
  % What you would typically have here is something like:
  % \includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{some-file.pdf}
  % but for this example, let's go with a placeholder instead:
  \graphicsplaceholder{8cm}{1cm}
  \caption{This is a figure with no subfigures}
  \label{figure-with-no-subfigs}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Figures with subfigures}

Le'ts add a figure with two subfigures; the subfigures will be added using 
\verb|\subfloat[caption goes here]|, so they should also be captioned. 
That will be \autoref{first-figure-with-subfigures}.

\begin{figure}[htpb]
  \centering
  \subfloat[Some subfigure]{
    \graphicsplaceholder{4cm}{1cm}
    \label{first-subfig}
  }
  \subfloat[Another subfigure]{
    \graphicsplaceholder{4cm}{1cm}
    \label{second-subfig}
  }
  \caption{A caption for the single-column figure with two subfigures}
  \label{first-figure-with-subfigures}
\end{figure}

Let's conclude this section by repeating the same figure, but now as a two-column
figure, i.e. using the \verb|{figure*}| environment. That will be
\autoref{a-two-column-figure}.

\begin{figure*}[htpb]
  \centering
  \subfloat[Yet another caption]{
    \graphicsplaceholder{8cm}{1cm}
    \label{third-subfig}
  }
  \subfloat[This is getting old]{
    \graphicsplaceholder{8cm}{1cm}
    \label{fourth-subfig}
  }
  \caption{A caption for the two-column figure (also with two subfigures)}
  \label{a-two-column-figure}
\end{figure*}

\section{Tables}

Let's add a \texttt{table} environment, with a caption near the end of it (after
 the \texttt{tabular} environment). That will be \autoref{first-table}.

\begin{table}[thpb]
\begin{tabular}{ c c c }
  1 & 2 & 3 \\
  4 & 5 & 6 \\
  7 & 8 & 9 \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{This is a caption for a \texttt{table} float, with a \texttt{tabular} 
environment inside it}
\label{first-table}
\end{table}

And we're all done, except for one last thing...:

\paragraph{Warning} Don't ever define a \verb|\tblname| command. This was 
possible with older ACM document class (e.g. \texttt{sig-alternate} v2.8), 
but now it will trigger errors when you try to caption your floats.

\end{document}

當我使用 TeXLive 2015.20160320-1（Linux Mint 18.1 上的發行版提供的版本）編譯此文件時，我得到兩個頁面：

筆記：

• 我不使用的原因subcaption是，這與我在較舊的 ACM 課程中使用的內容很接近，並且我選擇進行最小的更改以使事情正常運行（但請隨意批評）。
• 我不知道為什麼我會得到以“ACM 參考格式”開頭的區塊。他們是故意這樣做的嗎？真的很傷眼睛而且很煩。
• 我現在不確定如何平衡列（但此範例與列平衡無關）。
• 沒有頁碼——可能是因為這些東西都在 PDF 的會議記錄中，許多文章都有自己的編號。
• 我不太清楚為什麼figure*環境會清除頁面。文字不應該只填滿前面的兩列，然後是數字嗎？唔。