平衡填充和繪製之間的不透明度

Question

可能我的標題內容比較不豐富。我的問題是我嘗試使用以下程式碼在某些頂點上「繪製」超邊：

\usepackage{tikz}

\tikzstyle{vertex} = [fill, shape=circle, opacity=1, node distance=80pt]
\tikzstyle{hyperedge} = [fill, opacity=1, cap=round, join=round, line width=60pt]
\tikzstyle{elabel} = [fill, shape=circle, node distance=30pt]

\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[vertex,label=above left:$v_1$] (v1) {};
\node[vertex,right of=v1,label=above right:$v_2$] (v2) {};
\node[vertex,below of=v1,label=below left:$v_3$] (v3) {};
\node[vertex,right of=v3,label=below right:$v_4$] (v4) {};

\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}

\draw[hyperedge, color=yellow] (v1.center)--(v2.center)--(v3.center)--cycle;
\draw[hyperedge, color=pink, line width=45pt] (v2.center)--(v3.center)--(v4.center)--cycle;

\end{pgfonlayer}

\node[elabel,color=yellow,label=right:$C_1$]  (e1) at (-3,0) {};
\node[elabel,below of=e1,color=pink,label=right:$C_2$]  (e2) {};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

這會產生以下結果：

還不錯，只是路口不太明顯。如果我將超邊的不透明度設為 0.5：

\tikzstyle{hyperedge} = [fill, opacity=0.5, cap=round, join=round, line width=60pt]

我得到：

此處的交集更加明顯，但由於循環的“填充”和“線”也相交，因此受影響的部分變得更加不透明（？）。對於這種情況有解決方法嗎？也許只在循環的一側繪製線條，避免與填充相交，但這可能嗎？

Answer 1

我認為正確的解決方案是這樣的。我在手冊中找到了它：

刪除“hyperedge”樣式的不透明度：

\tikzstyle{hyperedge} = [fill, cap=round, join=round, line width=60pt]

將每條邊放入自己的透明度群組中：

\begin{scope}[transparency group,  opacity=0.5]
\draw[hyperedge, color=yellow] (v1.center)--(v2.center)--(v3.center)--cycle;
\end{scope}


\begin{scope}[transparency group,  opacity=0.5]
\draw[hyperedge, color=pink, line width=45pt] (v2.center)--(v3.center)--(v4.center)--cycle;
\end{scope}

謝謝大家的答案！

Answer 2

骯髒的駭客：

如果特定形狀的線條稍微寬一點，則無需擔心任何填滿顏色，因為線條填滿了整個形狀：

\documentclass{standalone}

\usepackage{tikz}

\tikzset{
  vertex/.style={fill, shape=circle, opacity=1, node distance=80pt},
  hyperedgeline/.style={opacity=0.5, cap=round, join=round,line width=60pt},
  elabel/.style={fill, shape=circle, node distance=30pt}
}

\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main}


\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[vertex,label=above left:$v_1$] (v1) {};
\node[vertex,right of=v1,label=above right:$v_2$] (v2) {};
\node[vertex,below of=v1,label=below left:$v_3$] (v3) {};
\node[vertex,right of=v3,label=below right:$v_4$] (v4) {};

\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}

\draw[hyperedgeline, color=yellow] (v1.center)--(v2.center)--(v3.center)--cycle;
\draw[hyperedgeline, color=pink, line width=47pt] (v2.center)--(v3.center)--(v4.center)--cycle;

\end{pgfonlayer}

\node[elabel,color=yellow,label=right:$C_1$]  (e1) at (-3,0) {};
\node[elabel,below of=e1,color=pink,label=right:$C_2$]  (e2) {};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Answer 3

使用fill opacity。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\tikzstyle{vertex} = [fill, shape=circle, opacity=1, node distance=80pt]
\tikzstyle{hyperedge} = [opacity=0.5,fill opacity=1, cap=round, join=round, line width=60pt]
\tikzstyle{elabel} = [fill, shape=circle, node distance=30pt]

\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[vertex,label=above left:$v_1$] (v1) {};
\node[vertex,right of=v1,label=above right:$v_2$] (v2) {};
\node[vertex,below of=v1,label=below left:$v_3$] (v3) {};
\node[vertex,right of=v3,label=below right:$v_4$] (v4) {};

\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}

\draw[hyperedge, color=yellow] (v1.center)--(v2.center)--(v3.center)--cycle;
\draw[hyperedge, color=pink, line width=45pt] (v2.center)--(v3.center)--(v4.center)--cycle;

\end{pgfonlayer}

\node[elabel,color=yellow,label=right:$C_1$]  (e1) at (-3,0) {};
\node[elabel,below of=e1,color=pink,label=right:$C_2$]  (e2) {};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}