下圖表示兩台設備進行無線連線。
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[active,tightpage]{preview}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows.meta,calc,fit,backgrounds,shapes.multipart,positioning}
\tikzset{box/.style={draw, rectangle, rounded corners, thick, node
distance=7em,
text width=6em, text centered, minimum height=3.5em}}
%\tikzset{line/.style={draw, thick, -{Latex[length=2mm,width=1mm]}}}
\tikzset{every node/.style={font=\footnotesize}}
\PreviewEnvironment{tikzpicture}
%=======================================
% Adjust the boarder of the flowchart
%=======================================
\setlength\PreviewBorder{4pt}%
\begin{document}
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
% Define block styles
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
\tikzset{
block/.style={rectangle split, draw, rectangle split parts=2,text width=14em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=4em},
brwblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=brown!20, text width=13em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=3em, minimum width=30em},
whtblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=white!20, text width=14em, text centered, minimum height=4em},
vertblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=cyan!20, text width=17em, text centered, minimum width=2em, minimum height=2em},
line/.style={draw, {latex[length=5mm,width=5mm]}-{latex[length=5mm,width=5mm]}},
cloud/.style={draw, ellipse,fill=white!20, node distance=3cm, minimum height=4em},
% container/.style={draw, rectangle,dashed,inner sep=0.28cm, rounded corners,fill=yellow!20,minimum height=4cm}}
container1/.style={draw, rectangle,inner sep=0.4cm,fill=blue!8,minimum height=4cm,rounded corners},
container2/.style={draw, rectangle,inner sep=0.28cm,fill=green!10,minimum height=4em,rounded corners}}
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 1.25cm, auto,every text node part/.style={align=center}]
%
%===============================================
% Reader
%===============================================
\node [whtblock,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=magenta!15] (LBT) {LBT \\[0.5em]Reader Anti-Collision Protocol};
\node [whtblock, below=of LBT, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=green!15] (FSA) {FSA \\[0.5em]Anti-Collision Protocol};
\node [whtblock, below=of FSA, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=yellow!20] (PHY) {PHY Layer};
\node [whtblock, below=of PHY, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] (AT) {Active Transceiver};
%*****************
% TAG
%***************
\node [whtblock, right=of AT, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,shift={(2.8cm,0)}] (PTtag) {Passive Transceiver};
\node [whtblock, above=of PTtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=yellow!20] (PHYtag) {PHY Layer};
\node [whtblock, above=of PHYtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=green!15] (FSAtag) {FSA \\[0.5em]Anti-Collision Protocol};
\node [vertblock, right=of PHYtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,shift={(0cm,3.7cm)},fill=pink!30,rotate=-90] (EHtag) {Energy Harvester};
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% CONTAINERS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\coordinate (aux1) at ([yshift=3mm]LBT.north);
\node [container1,fit=(aux1) (FSA)(PHY)(AT)] (Reader) {};
\node at (Reader.north) [fill=white,draw,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {\textbf{Reader}};
%-----------------------------------------------------------
\coordinate (aux2) at ([yshift=3mm]FSAtag.north);
\node [container1,fit=(aux2) (PHYtag)(FSAtag)(PTtag)(EHtag)] (TAG) {};
\node at (TAG.north) [fill=white,draw,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {\textbf{Tag}};
\end{scope}
\node[brwblock,shift={(0,8.0cm)},minimum width=18cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] at ($(Reader)!.5!(TAG)$) {\textbf{Scenario Setup}};
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
% Draw edges
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (LBT.south) -- (FSA.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (FSA.south) -- (PHY.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (PHY.south) -- (AT.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (FSAtag.south) -- (PHYtag.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (PTtag.north) -- (PHYtag.south);
\draw [-Latex,darkgray,very thick] ([yshift=6pt]AT.east) -- node [above,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {Power-Up \\[0.5em] Link} ([yshift=6pt]PTtag.west);
\draw [-Latex,darkgray,very thick] ([yshift=-6pt]PTtag.west) -- node [below,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {Backscattered \\[0.5em] Link} ([yshift=-6pt]AT.east);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= -10pt]PTtag.east) -- ([yshift=-94pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [-Latex,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= +10pt]PTtag.east) -- ([yshift=-74pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]PHYtag.east) -- ([yshift=-1pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]PHYtag.east) -- ([yshift=-1pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]FSAtag.east) -- ([yshift=82pt]EHtag.south);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
我想用代表波隨距離衰減的曲線來取代標籤「Power-Up Link」和「Backscattered Link」的水平箭頭，就像我手工繪製的那樣。上電鏈路中的波幅應大於反向散射鏈路中的波幅。我不知道如何製作這個，而且我還沒有找到任何類似的情節。
另外，我想問如何設定「場景設定」框蓋從Reader容器左側到Tag容器右側的精確寬度。我一直在測試minimum width=in的值\node[brwblock,shift={(0,8.0cm)},minimum width=18cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] at ($(Reader)!.5!(TAG)$) {\textbf{Scenario Setup}};，但它不適合兩個容器的寬度。
能量收集器盒也有同樣的問題。我想將這個盒子從 FSA 的頂部擴展到被動收發器的底部，但使用text width=該樣式很難匹配這個長度vertblock。
同樣，我已將yshiftEnergy Harvester 框和其餘框之間的箭頭線值調整為水平，但很難確定匹配的 yshift 是什麼以使水平箭頭從該框指向 FSA 和 PHY 層，和無源收發器盒。
我不知道這些問題是否可以在一個問題中得到回答，還是應該單獨提出。
答案1
您可以只使用expanding waves裝飾並將不需要的部分剪掉。
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[active,tightpage]{preview}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows.meta,calc,fit,backgrounds,shapes.multipart,positioning,decorations.pathreplacing}
\tikzset{box/.style={draw, rectangle, rounded corners, thick, node
distance=7em,
text width=6em, text centered, minimum height=3.5em}}
%\tikzset{line/.style={draw, thick, -{Latex[length=2mm,width=1mm]}}}
\tikzset{every node/.style={font=\footnotesize}}
\PreviewEnvironment{tikzpicture}
%=======================================
% Adjust the boarder of the flowchart
%=======================================
\setlength\PreviewBorder{4pt}%
\begin{document}
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
% Define block styles
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
\tikzset{
block/.style={rectangle split, draw, rectangle split parts=2,text width=14em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=4em},
brwblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=brown!20, text width=13em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=3em, minimum width=30em},
whtblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=white!20, text width=14em, text centered, minimum height=4em},
vertblock/.style={rectangle, draw, fill=cyan!20, text width=17em, text centered, minimum width=2em, minimum height=2em},
line/.style={draw, {latex[length=5mm,width=5mm]}-{latex[length=5mm,width=5mm]}},
cloud/.style={draw, ellipse,fill=white!20, node distance=3cm, minimum height=4em},
% container/.style={draw, rectangle,dashed,inner sep=0.28cm, rounded corners,fill=yellow!20,minimum height=4cm}}
container1/.style={draw, rectangle,inner sep=0.4cm,fill=blue!8,minimum height=4cm,rounded corners},
container2/.style={draw, rectangle,inner sep=0.28cm,fill=green!10,minimum height=4em,rounded corners}}
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 1.25cm, auto,every text node part/.style={align=center}]
%
%===============================================
% Reader
%===============================================
\node [whtblock,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=magenta!15] (LBT) {LBT \\[0.5em]Reader Anti-Collision Protocol};
\node [whtblock, below=of LBT, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=green!15] (FSA) {FSA \\[0.5em]Anti-Collision Protocol};
\node [whtblock, below=of FSA, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=yellow!20] (PHY) {PHY Layer};
\node [whtblock, below=of PHY, node distance=2.5cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] (AT) {Active Transceiver};
%*****************
% TAG
%***************
\node [whtblock, right=of AT, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,shift={(2.8cm,0)}] (PTtag) {Passive Transceiver};
\node [whtblock, above=of PTtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=yellow!20] (PHYtag) {PHY Layer};
\node [whtblock, above=of PHYtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,fill=green!15] (FSAtag) {FSA \\[0.5em]Anti-Collision Protocol};
\node [vertblock, right=of PHYtag, node distance=13cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont,shift={(0cm,3.7cm)},fill=pink!30,rotate=-90] (EHtag) {Energy Harvester};
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% CONTAINERS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\coordinate (aux1) at ([yshift=3mm]LBT.north);
\node [container1,fit=(aux1) (FSA)(PHY)(AT)] (Reader) {};
\node at (Reader.north) [fill=white,draw,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {\textbf{Reader}};
%-----------------------------------------------------------
\coordinate (aux2) at ([yshift=3mm]FSAtag.north);
\node [container1,fit=(aux2) (PHYtag)(FSAtag)(PTtag)(EHtag)] (TAG) {};
\node at (TAG.north) [fill=white,draw,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {\textbf{Tag}};
\end{scope}
\node[brwblock,shift={(0,8.0cm)},minimum width=18cm,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] at ($(Reader)!.5!(TAG)$) {\textbf{Scenario Setup}};
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
% Draw edges
%************************************************************
%************************************************************
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (LBT.south) -- (FSA.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (FSA.south) -- (PHY.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (PHY.south) -- (AT.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (FSAtag.south) -- (PHYtag.north);
\draw [Latex-Latex,darkgray, thick] (PTtag.north) -- (PHYtag.south);
\draw [-Latex,darkgray,very thick] ([yshift=6pt]AT.east) -- node [above,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {Power-Up \\[0.5em] Link} ([yshift=6pt]PTtag.west);
\draw [-Latex,darkgray,very thick] ([yshift=-6pt]PTtag.west) -- node [below,font=\fontsize{12}{0}\selectfont] {Backscattered \\[0.5em] Link} ([yshift=-6pt]AT.east);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= -10pt]PTtag.east) -- ([yshift=-94pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [-Latex,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= +10pt]PTtag.east) -- ([yshift=-74pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]PHYtag.east) -- ([yshift=-1pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]PHYtag.east) -- ([yshift=-1pt]EHtag.south);
\draw [Latex-,darkgray, thick] ([yshift= 0pt]FSAtag.east) -- ([yshift=82pt]EHtag.south);
\begin{scope}
\clip ([yshift=24pt]AT.east) --([yshift=12pt]PTtag.west) --([yshift=0pt]AT.east);
\draw[red,thick,decorate,decoration={expanding waves,angle=20}]
([yshift=12pt]AT.center) --([yshift=6pt]PTtag.west);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}
\clip ([yshift=-12pt]PTtag.west) --([yshift=-8pt]AT.east)
-- ([yshift=-4pt]PTtag.west);
\draw[red,thick,decorate,decoration={expanding waves,angle=20}]
([yshift=-8pt]PTtag.center) --([yshift=-8pt]AT.east);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
如果我將上部剪輯範圍替換為
\begin{scope}
\clip[postaction=draw] ([yshift=24pt]AT.east) --([yshift=14pt]PTtag.west)--([yshift=10pt]PTtag.west) --([yshift=0pt]AT.east);
\draw[red,thick,decorate,decoration={expanding waves,angle=20}]
([yshift=12pt]AT.center) --([yshift=6pt]PTtag.west);
\end{scope}
我明白了
所以波在它到達的地方（即右邊的盒子）更寬。解釋您的評論的第二種方法是使傳入的上波在其到達點處變寬，然後使下波在其離開點處變寬。這可以透過例如
\begin{scope}
\clip ([yshift=24pt]AT.east) --([yshift=15pt]PTtag.west)--([yshift=9pt]PTtag.west) --([yshift=0pt]AT.east);
\draw[red,thick,decorate,decoration={expanding waves,angle=20}]
([yshift=12pt]AT.center) --([yshift=6pt]PTtag.center);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}
\clip ([yshift=-12pt]PTtag.west) --([yshift=-9pt]AT.east) --([yshift=-7pt]AT.east)
-- ([yshift=-4pt]PTtag.west);
\draw[red,thick,decorate,decoration={expanding waves,angle=20}]
([yshift=-8pt]PTtag.center) --([yshift=-8pt]AT.east);
\end{scope}
