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自訂書目字串導致的日期格式更改

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自訂書目字串導致的日期格式更改

我添加了自訂書目字串並使用了 language ngerman。如果我將 before bibstrings 的定義留空ngerman，它將根據需要列印日期格式。日.月.年

但是，如果我使用 LanguageMappingngerman或german，它將顯示為 DD/MM/YYYY - 為什麼會這樣以及顯示正確格式的正確方法是什麼？

LBX 檔案：

\ProvidesFile{custombibstrings.lbx}[2019 SoSe]
\DeclareBibliographyStrings{%
  inherit      = {ngerman},
  andothers    = {{et al\adddot}{et al\adddot}},
  byeditor     = {{herausgegeben von}{hg\adddotspace von}},
  bytranslator = {{übersetzt von} {{\"u}bers\adddotspace von}},
  editor       = {{Herausgeber}{Hg\adddot}},
  editors      = {{Herausgeber}{Hg\adddot}},
  urlseen      = {{letzter Abruf}{letzter Abruf}},
  paragraph    = {{Paragraph}{\S}},
  subparagraph = {{Absatz}{Abs\adddot}},
  article      = {{Artikel}{Art\adddot}},
  bydirector   = {{unter der Regie von}{unter der Regie von}},
  byproducer   = {{produziert von}{produziert von}},
  volume       = {{Vol\adddot}{Vol\adddot}},
  seriesseason = {{Staffel}{Staffel}},
  episode      = {{Episode}{Episode}},
  duration     = {{Spieldauer}{Spieldauer}},
  fsk          = {{FSK}{FSK}},
}

微量元素

% arara: lualatex: { shell: true, synctex: true }
% arara: biber
% arara: lualatex: { shell: true, synctex: true }
\RequirePackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib}
@online{Amano.2011,
 author = {Amano, Fumiko},
 title = {Testimonial Videos of Survivors},
 url = {https://www.global-peace.go.jp/OTHER/ot_german_pic_syousai.php?gbID=920&dt=161012173049},
 date = {2011-11-18},
 urldate = {2019-08-23},
 maintitle = {National Peace Memorial Halls for the Atomic Bomb Victims in Hiroshima and Nagasaki},
 organization = {{Net-Gtas Global Network}},
 keywords = {primary}
}
\end{filecontents*}
\documentclass[
  12pt,
  a4paper,
  headings=standardclasses,
  listof=totoc,
  numbers=noenddot
]{scrartcl}

\usepackage{showframe}
\usepackage[left=2.50cm, right=2.50cm, top=2.50cm, bottom=2.00cm, footskip=1cm]{geometry}
\usepackage[onehalfspacing]{setspace}
\usepackage[main=ngerman, english]{babel}
\usepackage[babel, german=quotes]{csquotes}
\usepackage[ngerman]{isodate}
\usepackage[ngerman]{datetime}

\usepackage[match,MogaHMinEx90]{luatexja-preset}
\setmainjfont{MogaHMinEx90}
\usepackage{luatexja-ruby}
\ltjsetparameter{jacharrange={-3}} %    punctuation is Latin

\usepackage[
  backend=biber,
  style=ext-authoryear,
  sorting=nyvt,
  datamodel=customstyles,
  maxnames=25,
  innamebeforetitle=true,
  usetranslator=true,
  alldates=terse,
  labeldate=year,
  dashed=false,
  isbn=false
]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\usepackage[hidelinks, pdfencoding=auto]{hyperref}
\begin{filecontents}{customstyles.dbx}
\DeclareDatamodelEntrytypes{video}
\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{
  duration,
  format,
  type,
}
\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=list,datatype=name]{
  director,
  producer,
}
\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field, datatype=verbatim]{
  fsk,
  seriesseason,
  episode,
}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[video]{
  duration,
  director,
  episode,
  format,
  fsk,
  producer,
  seriesseason,
  type,
}
\end{filecontents}
% regarded in custombibstrings
\NewBibliographyString{bydirector,duration,episode,format,fsk,paragraph,subparagraph,article,byproducer,seriesseason}
\DeclareLanguageMapping{german}{custombibstrings}

\DeclareSourcemap{
  \maps[datatype=bibtex]{
    \map[overwrite=false]{
      \pertype{article}
      \step[fieldsource=entrysubtype, match=\regexp{\Anewspaper\Z}, final]
      \step[fieldsource=journal, final]
      \step[fieldset=author, origfieldval, final]
      \step[fieldsource=author, match=\regexp{\A(.*)\Z}, replace=\regexp{\{$1\}}]
      \step[fieldset=author+an, fieldvalue={1=journalauthor}]
      \step[fieldset=options, fieldvalue={journalauthor}]
    }
  }
}

% smallcaps
\newtoggle{bbx@journalauthor}
\DeclareEntryOption[boolean]{journalauthor}[true]{%
\settoggle{bbx@journalauthor}{#1}}

\renewcommand{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{%
  \ifitemannotation{journalauthor}
    {\mkbibemph{#1}}
    {\textsc{#1}}}

\newtoggle{bbx@director}
\DeclareEntryOption[boolean]{director}[true]{%
\settoggle{bbx@director}{#1}}

\renewcommand{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{%
  \ifitemannotation{director}
    {\mkbibemph{#1}}
    {\textsc{#1}}}

\newtoggle{bbx@producer}
\DeclareEntryOption[boolean]{producer}[true]{%
\settoggle{bbx@producer}{#1}}

\renewcommand{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{%
  \ifitemannotation{producer}
    {\mkbibemph{#1}}
    {\textsc{#1}}}    

\DeclareDelimFormat[bib]{nametitledelim}{\addcolon\space}

% editor in parentheses
\DeclareDelimFormat{editortypedelim}{\addspace} 
\DeclareFieldFormat{editortype}{\mkbibparens{#1}}
\DeclareDelimAlias{translatortypedelim}{editortypedelim}
\DeclareFieldAlias{translatortype}{editortype}

\DeclareFieldFormat
  [article,inbook,incollection,inproceedings,patent,online]
  {title}{#1\isdot}
\DeclareFieldFormat
  [thesis,unpublished]
  {title}{\mkbibemph{#1}\isdot} % thesis title italic

% no period after addon titles
\renewcommand*{\titleaddonpunct}{\addspace}
\DeclareFieldFormat{titleaddon}{\mkbibbrackets{#1}}
\DeclareFieldAlias{booktitleaddon}{titleaddon}
\DeclareFieldAlias{maintitleaddon}{titleaddon}
\DeclareFieldAlias{journaltitleaddon}{titleaddon}
\DeclareFieldAlias{lawtitleaddon}{titleaddon}
\DeclareFieldAlias{subtitleaddon}{titleaddon}

\newbibmacro{online:editor+maintitle}{% organization in front of maintitle
  \printlist{organization}%
  \clearlist{organization}%
  \setunit*{\addcolon\space}%
  \printnames{editor}%
  \setunit*{\addcolon\space}%
  \usebibmacro{maintitle}}

\usepackage{xpatch}
\xpatchbibdriver{online}
  {\usebibmacro{byeditor+others}}
  {\usebibmacro{online:editor+maintitle}}
  {}{}
\xpatchbibmacro{editorstrg}{\bibstring}{\bibcpstring}{}{}
\xpatchbibmacro{editorstrg}{\bibstring}{\bibcpstring}{}{}

\renewbibmacro*{in:}{%
  \iftoggle{bbx@journalauthor}
    {}
    {\printtext{%
     \bibstring{in}\intitlepunct}}}

\DeclareNameAlias{ineditor}{sortname}

\renewcommand*{\volnumdelim}{\addcomma\space}

% set online sources as per IOA
\renewbibmacro*{addendum+pubstate}{%
  \setunit{\space}%
  \printfield{addendum}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \printfield{pubstate}}

 \DeclareListFormat[online,law]{organization}{% organization in caps 
  \textsc{%
    \usebibmacro{list:delim}{#1}%
    #1\isdot
    \usebibmacro{list:andothers}}} 

\urlstyle{same}% 
\DeclareFieldFormat{url}{\url{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{urldate}{\mkbibparens{\bibstring{urlseen}\addcolon\space#1}}


%----------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   CITING
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------
\makeatletter 
\renewbibmacro*{cite:labeldate+extradate}{%
  \iffieldundef{labelyear}
    {}
    {\printtext[extblx@inner\blx@delimcontext delims]{%
       \printtext[bibhyperref]{%
         \iftoggle{bbx@journalauthor}
           {\printfield{issue}%
            \setunit{\addcomma\space}%
            \printtext[\blx@delimcontext labeldate]{%
              \printdateextra}}
           {\printtext[\blx@delimcontext labeldate]{%
              \printlabeldateextra}}}}}}
\makeatother

\renewcommand\postnotedelim{\addcolon\addspace}
\DeclareFieldFormat{postnote}{\mknormrange{#1}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{multipostnote}{\mknormrange{#1}}

%----------------------------------------------------------------------------
%   MAIN
%----------------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{document}
\nocite{*} 
\printbibliography[heading=bibintoc,title={Literaturverzeichnis}]
\end{document}

答案1

文件.lbx應該始終包含至少兩個事物的定義。

  1. 參考書目字串（和\DeclareBibliographyStrings）
  2. 和參考書目額外的（主要是日期處理、序數格式等\DeclareBibliographyExtras）。

該.lbx文件目前缺少參考書目附加內容的定義。我biblatex什至在中抱怨這一點.log

Package biblatex Warning: Using fallback definition for \mkbibdateshort.
(biblatex)                The command should be defined in the .lbx file.
(biblatex)                If you see this message, the .lbx file could not be
(biblatex)                loaded, is faulty or does not contain a definition
(biblatex)                for \mkbibdateshort.


Package biblatex Warning: Using fallback definition for \mkbibdateshort.
(biblatex)                The command should be defined in the .lbx file.
(biblatex)                If you see this message, the .lbx file could not be
(biblatex)                loaded, is faulty or does not contain a definition
(biblatex)                for \mkbibdateshort.

由於您本質上是編寫一個新.lbx文件，因此您需要從另一種語言繼承參考書目附加內容或從頭開始定義所有必要的命令。在您的情況下，從ngermanwith繼承\InheritBibliographyExtras{ngerman}似乎是最好的選擇。您仍然可以用 覆蓋定義\DeclareBibliographyExtras。

情況與參考書目字串類似，但繼承是inherit = {ngerman},由\DeclareBibliographyStrings.

我強烈建議您幫自己一個忙，將語言名稱添加到通用文件名中custombibstrings.lbx以使其易於閱讀custombibstrings-ngerman.lbx（當然，如果您能想出一個比custombibstrings這更具描述性的名稱也可能有用...）

\ProvidesFile{custombibstrings-ngerman.lbx}[2019 SoSe]

\InheritBibliographyExtras{ngerman}

\DeclareBibliographyStrings{%
  inherit      = {ngerman},
  andothers    = {{et al\adddot}{et al\adddot}},
  byeditor     = {{herausgegeben von}{hg\adddotspace von}},
  bytranslator = {{übersetzt von} {übers\adddotspace von}},
  editor       = {{Herausgeber}{Hg\adddot}},
  editors      = {{Herausgeber}{Hg\adddot}},
  urlseen      = {{letzter Abruf}{letzter Abruf}},
  paragraph    = {{Paragraph}{\S}},
  subparagraph = {{Absatz}{Abs\adddot}},
  article      = {{Artikel}{Art\adddot}},
  bydirector   = {{unter der Regie von}{unter der Regie von}},
  byproducer   = {{produziert von}{produziert von}},
  volume       = {{Vol\adddot}{Vol\adddot}},
  seriesseason = {{Staffel}{Staffel}},
  episode      = {{Episode}{Episode}},
  duration     = {{Spieldauer}{Spieldauer}},
  fsk          = {{FSK}{FSK}},
}

自然地你會需要

\DeclareLanguageMapping{ngerman}{custombibstrings-ngerman}

透過此文件和這一行更改，MWE 生成

天野富美子 (18.11.2011)：倖存者的見證影片。 Net-Gtas 全球網路：廣島和長崎原子彈受害者國家和平紀念館。 https://www.global-peace.go.jp/OTHER/ot 德文圖片 syousai.php?gbID=920&dt=161012173049（字母 Abruf：2019 年 8 月 23 日）。

編輯變成。{\"u}bers\adddotspace vonübers\adddotspace von

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