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具有嵌套框架的遺傳屬性（mdframed 和 tikz）

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf mdframed
具有嵌套框架的遺傳屬性（mdframed 和 tikz）

當在使用 tikz 的 mdframed 環境中嵌套 mdframed 環境時，嵌套的 mdframed 環境似乎採用了未嵌套的環境的許多屬性，替換了它自己的屬性。這些幾乎包括所有內容，包括節點、背景顏色、外線寬度（和顏色）和圓角，但嵌套 mdframed 環境也使用 tikz 的情況除外，在這種情況下僅存在節點問題。下面用幾個不同的例子來說明這一點：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[framemethod=tikz]{mdframed}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% mdframed style with node

\tikzset{tetregris/.style =
{draw=gray, thick, fill=white, shading = exampletitle, %
text=darkgray, rectangle, rounded corners, right,minimum height=.7cm}}
\pgfdeclarehorizontalshading{examplebackground}{100bp}
{color(0bp)=(black!2); color(100bp)=(teal!30)}
\pgfdeclarehorizontalshading{exampletitle}{100bp}
{color(0bp)=(black!2);color(100bp)=(purple!20)}
\newcounter{example}
\renewcommand*\theexample{Example~\arabic{example}}
\makeatletter
\mdfdefinestyle{examplestyle}{%
outerlinewidth=1em,outerlinecolor=white,%
leftmargin=-1em,rightmargin=-1em,%
middlelinewidth=1.2pt,roundcorner=5pt,linecolor=gray,
apptotikzsetting={\tikzset{mdfbackground/.append style ={%
shading = examplebackground}}},
innertopmargin=1.2\baselineskip,
skipabove={\dimexpr0.5\baselineskip+\topskip\relax},
skipbelow={-1em},
needspace=\baselineskip,
frametitlefont=\sffamily\scshape,
settings={\global\stepcounter{example}},
singleextra={%
\node[tetregris,xshift=-3cm] at (P) %
{~\mdf@frametitlefont{\theexample}\hbox{~}};
},
firstextra={%
\node[tetregris,xshift=-3cm] at (P) %
{~\mdf@frametitlefont{\theexample}\hbox{~}};
},
}
\makeatother

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% simple mdframed style

\global\mdfdefinestyle{simplestyle}{%
linecolor=red,linewidth=3pt,%
leftmargin=1cm,rightmargin=1cm
}

\begin{document}

\begin{mdframed}[style=examplestyle]
blah
\begin{mdframed}[style=simplestyle]
blah
\end{mdframed}
blah
\end{mdframed}

\begin{mdframed}[style=simplestyle]
blah
\end{mdframed}

\end{document}

無論是否存在節點（或給定的選項是什麼，即 \singleextra、\doubleextra 等都不會產生不同），問題仍然存在。問題才不是發生在與包含使用 tikz 的 mdframed 環境的正常 mdframed 環境相反的情況中。

有什麼方法可以阻止嵌套的 mdframed 環境從它所包含的環境中取得屬性？特別是，有什麼方法可以確保節點不重複，因為這也會擾亂編號？

答案1

只需將default選項新增至simplestyle：

\global\mdfdefinestyle{simplestyle}{%
    default,
    linecolor=red,linewidth=3pt,%
    leftmargin=1cm,rightmargin=1cm
}

這會將樣式重設為開始時的預設值。

在此輸入影像描述

或也可以申請style=defaultoptions。一個更簡單的例子說明了兩種可能性的使用

在此輸入影像描述

代碼：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[framemethod=Tikz]{mdframed}
\mdfsetup{middlelinecolor=red, middlelinewidth=2pt, backgroundcolor=red!10, roundcorner=10pt}

\listfiles
\begin{document}
    \noindent
    Without \verb|default| option:
    \begin{mdframed} Text\par Text
    \end{mdframed}
    % --------------------------------------
    With \verb|default| option applied:
    \begin{mdframed}[default] Text \par Text
    \end{mdframed}
    % --------------------------------------
    With \verb|style=defaultoptions| option applied:
    \begin{mdframed}[style=defaultoptions] Text\par Text
    \end{mdframed}
\end{document}

答案2

也許有辦法進去mdframed，但我不知道。然而，我在這裡所做的是在外部環境之外創建內部盒子，保存它，並在需要時將其插入。

編輯以顯示如何在外部框調用之前保存多個[命名]內部框（我最初的答案使用一個臨時框）。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[framemethod=tikz]{mdframed}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% mdframed style with node

\tikzset{tetregris/.style =
{draw=gray, thick, fill=white, shading = exampletitle, %
text=darkgray, rectangle, rounded corners, right,minimum height=.7cm}}
\pgfdeclarehorizontalshading{examplebackground}{100bp}
{color(0bp)=(black!2); color(100bp)=(teal!30)}
\pgfdeclarehorizontalshading{exampletitle}{100bp}
{color(0bp)=(black!2);color(100bp)=(purple!20)}
\newcounter{example}
\renewcommand*\theexample{Example~\arabic{example}}
\makeatletter
\mdfdefinestyle{examplestyle}{%
outerlinewidth=1em,outerlinecolor=white,%
leftmargin=-1em,rightmargin=-1em,%
middlelinewidth=1.2pt,roundcorner=5pt,linecolor=gray,
apptotikzsetting={\tikzset{mdfbackground/.append style ={%
shading = examplebackground}}},
innertopmargin=1.2\baselineskip,
skipabove={\dimexpr0.5\baselineskip+\topskip\relax},
skipbelow={-1em},
needspace=\baselineskip,
frametitlefont=\sffamily\scshape,
settings={\global\stepcounter{example}},
singleextra={%
\node[tetregris,xshift=-3cm] at (P) %
{~\mdf@frametitlefont{\theexample}\hbox{~}};
},
firstextra={%
\node[tetregris,xshift=-3cm] at (P) %
{~\mdf@frametitlefont{\theexample}\hbox{~}};
},
}
\makeatother

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% simple mdframed style

\global\mdfdefinestyle{simplestyle}{%
linecolor=red,linewidth=3pt,%
leftmargin=1cm,rightmargin=1cm
}

\begin{document}
% SAVE MULTIPLE INNER BOXES IN ADVANCE
\newsavebox\boxA
\savebox\boxA{\vbox{\begin{mdframed}[style=simplestyle]BLAH-A\end{mdframed}}}
\newsavebox\boxB
\savebox\boxB{\vbox{\begin{mdframed}[style=simplestyle]BLAH-B\end{mdframed}}}

\begin{mdframed}[style=examplestyle]
\parindent=0pt
blah\par
\usebox{\boxA}
blah\par
\usebox{\boxB}
blah
\end{mdframed}
\end{document}

在此輸入影像描述

答案3

您可以將mdframed盒子與其他盒子混合進行嵌套，以避免這個問題。在這裡，我使用 atcolorbox作為嵌套框。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[framemethod=tikz]{mdframed}
\usepackage[skins,breakable]{tcolorbox}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% mdframed style with node

\tikzset{tetregris/.style =
{draw=gray, thick, fill=white, shading = exampletitle, %
text=darkgray, rectangle, rounded corners, right,minimum height=.7cm}}
\pgfdeclarehorizontalshading{examplebackground}{100bp}
{color(0bp)=(black!2); color(100bp)=(teal!30)}
\pgfdeclarehorizontalshading{exampletitle}{100bp}
{color(0bp)=(black!2);color(100bp)=(purple!20)}
\newcounter{example}
\renewcommand*\theexample{Example~\arabic{example}}
\makeatletter
\mdfdefinestyle{examplestyle}{%
outerlinewidth=1em,outerlinecolor=white,%
leftmargin=-1em,rightmargin=-1em,%
middlelinewidth=1.2pt,roundcorner=5pt,linecolor=gray,
apptotikzsetting={\tikzset{mdfbackground/.append style ={%
shading = examplebackground}}},
innertopmargin=1.2\baselineskip,
skipabove={\dimexpr0.5\baselineskip+\topskip\relax},
skipbelow={-1em},
needspace=\baselineskip,
frametitlefont=\sffamily\scshape,
settings={\global\stepcounter{example}},
singleextra={%
\node[tetregris,xshift=-3cm] at (P) %
{~\mdf@frametitlefont{\theexample}\hbox{~}};
},
firstextra={%
\node[tetregris,xshift=-3cm] at (P) %
{~\mdf@frametitlefont{\theexample}\hbox{~}};
},
}
\makeatother

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% simple style
\tcbset{
  simplestyle/.style={%
    sharp corners,
    boxsep=0pt,left skip=1cm,right skip=1cm,boxrule=3pt,
    colframe=red,colback=white
  }
}

\begin{document}

\begin{mdframed}[style=examplestyle]
  blah
  \begin{tcolorbox}[simplestyle]
    blah
  \end{tcolorbox}
  \noindent blah
\end{mdframed}

\begin{tcolorbox}[simplestyle]
  blah
\end{tcolorbox}

\end{document}

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為了好玩，我還為下面的完整解決方案添加了一些程式碼tcolorbox，但我認為使用 和 的混合方法沒有問題mdframed，tcolorbox如上所述。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[skins,breakable]{tcolorbox}

\pgfdeclarehorizontalshading{examplebackground}{100bp}
  {color(0bp)=(black!2); color(100bp)=(teal!30)}
\pgfdeclarehorizontalshading{exampletitle}{100bp}
  {color(0bp)=(black!2);color(100bp)=(purple!20)}
\newcounter{example}
\renewcommand*\theexample{Example~\arabic{example}}

\tcbset{
  examplestyle/.style={%
    enhanced,breakable,arc=5pt,beforeafter skip=1em,
    colframe=gray,interior style={shading=examplebackground},
    fonttitle=\sffamily\scshape,coltitle=darkgray,
    step=example,
    title=\theexample,
    attach boxed title to top right={xshift=-6mm,yshift*=-\tcboxedtitleheight/2},
    boxed title style={enhanced,size=fbox,arc=3pt,boxrule=0.3mm,boxsep=2mm,
      interior style={shading=exampletitle}},
  },
  simplestyle/.style={%
    sharp corners,
    boxsep=0pt,left skip=1cm,right skip=1cm,boxrule=3pt,
    colframe=red,colback=white
  }
}

\begin{document}

\begin{tcolorbox}[examplestyle]
  blah
  \begin{tcolorbox}[simplestyle]
    blah
  \end{tcolorbox}
  \noindent blah
\end{tcolorbox}

\begin{tcolorbox}[simplestyle]
  blah
\end{tcolorbox}

\end{document}

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