pgfplots：圖錶框的圓角

Question

pgfplots我們考慮使用外部網格為矩形的小程式碼，就像使用此 MWE 建立的圖像一樣：

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{width=7cm,compat=1.15}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

但是這個矩形網格是固定的，或者是否也可以獲得像這樣的圖像，其中邊緣是圓形的並且可以著色，並且您可以在圓角矩形內繪製不同的圖形？

Answer 1

這使用普通的 TikZ 和intersections函式庫作為交點。注意scope環境可以嵌套，\clip用幾個s來填滿。如果您想要具有更多圓角的矩形，則只需[rounded corners=3mm]在 的定義中使用 例如\bb。

我相信，pgfplots只要在環境中選擇合適的選項，也可以很容易地得出這一點axis。然而，普通的 TikZ 讓我更舒服。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usetikzlibrary{intersections}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2]
\def\bb{[rounded corners] (-1,-1) rectangle (2,1.5)}
\def\curveA{plot[domain=-1:2,smooth,samples=100]  (\x,{\x/(sqrt(1+\x*\x))})}
\def\curveB{plot[domain=-1:2,smooth,samples=100](\x,{pow(\x,4)-\x})}
\begin{scope} \clip \bb;
\begin{scope} 
\clip \curveA|-cycle;
\clip \curveB--cycle;
\fill[cyan!20] \bb;
\end{scope}
\draw (-1,0)--(2,0) (0,-1)--(0,1.5);
\draw[magenta,thick,name path=A] \curveA;
\draw[cyan,thick,name path=B] \curveB;
\path[name intersections={of=A and B}] (intersection-2) node[cyan,rectangle,minimum size=2mm,draw,thick]{};
\end{scope}
\draw[cyan] \bb;
\foreach \i in {-.5,0,...,1.5} \draw (\i,.05)--(\i,-.05);
\foreach \j in {-.5,0,...,1} \draw (.05,\j)--(-.05,\j);
\path
(-1,0) node[left]{$-1$}
(2,0) node[right]{$2$}
(0,-1) node[below]{$-1$}
(0,1.5) node[above]{$1.5$}
(1.2,-.5) node{$y=x^4-x$}
(.6,1.2) node (N) {$y=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}$};
\draw[-stealth] (N)--+(-60:.6);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

所有這些都可以透過簡單的工具來完成pgfplots。

1. 圓形框架很簡單axis background/.style={rounded corners=4mm,draw=blue}，
2. 擺脫箭頭就像這樣簡單every inner x axis line/.append style={-},every inner y axis line/.append style={-}，
3. 陰影可以用 來完成fillbetween。
4. 這些公式是簡單的標籤/引腳。
5. 可以根據 等值自動附加最大值和xmin最小值after end axis/.code。

為了您的方便，我以一種名為 的風格收集了大部分這些東西Sebastiano。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16}
\pgfplotsset{Sebastiano/.style={xticklabel=\empty,yticklabel=\empty,
    axis lines = center,
    every inner x axis line/.append style={-},
    every inner y axis line/.append style={-},
    axis background/.style={rounded corners=4mm,draw=blue},
    before end axis/.code={\path (0,0) coordinate (O);},
    after end axis/.code={
    \path
     (current axis.east|-O) node[right]
      {\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/xmax}}}
     (current axis.west|-O) node[left]
      {\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/xmin}}}
     (current axis.north-|O) node[above]
      {\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/ymax}}}
     (current axis.south-|O) node[below]
      {\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/ymin}}};
    }
}}
\usepgfplotslibrary{fillbetween}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
%
\begin{axis}[Sebastiano,width =12cm,
    xmin = -1,xmax = 2,
    ymin = -1,ymax = 1.5,
    domain=-1:2,smooth]
    \addplot[name path=A,color=magenta,thick]  {x/sqrt(1+x*x)}
    coordinate[pos=0.7,pin={[black,pin edge={stealth-,thick}]100:{$\displaystyle y=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}$}}](pA);
    \addplot[name path=B,color=cyan,thick]  {x^4-x}
    coordinate[pos=0.19,label={[black]below right:{$\displaystyle y=x^4-x$}}](pB);
    \addplot fill between [of=A and B,
        split,
        every segment no 0/.style={fill=none},
        every segment no 1/.style={cyan,opacity=50},
        every segment no 2/.style={fill=none},
        ];
\end{axis}
%
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Answer 3

作為起點，我使用 Manuel Kuehner 博士的答案（因為它使用更簡單的圖表）。在 TikZ 庫的幫助下fit：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usetikzlibrary{fit}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[name=PLOT,
    width = 80mm,
    height= 60mm,
    xmin = -1.2,
    xmax =  2.2,
    ymin = -1.3,
    ymax =  4.3,
    axis lines = center,
    scale only axis
    ]
    \addplot[
        domain = 0:2,
        red,
        line width = 1pt
        ]
        {x^2};
\coordinate (O) at (0,0);
\end{axis}
%
\node (f) [draw=blue, thick, rounded corners = 5mm, 
           inner sep=0pt, fit=(PLOT)] {};
\path   (O-|f.west)  node[lbl, left]  {$-1$}  (O-|f.east)  node[lbl,right] {$2$}
        (O|-f.north) node[lbl,above]  {$1.5$} (O|-f.south) node[lbl,below] {$-1$};
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

f編輯：在節點外部添加坐標標籤（它們是\Large和red，您很容易看到，它們在圖片上，您可以輕鬆更改此設定）

Answer 4

• 只是一個想法/開始（現在就去睡覺）。
• 將兩個圖放在彼此的頂部。
• 它們具有相同的尺寸但不同的軸選項。
• scale only axis很重要。

---

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
%
\begin{axis}[
    width = 80mm,
    height = 60mm,
    xmin = -1.2,
    xmax = 2.2,
    ymin = -1.3,
    ymax = 4.3,
    axis x line = center,
    axis y line = center,
    %axis line style = {rounded corners = 4mm},
    scale only axis
    ]
    \addplot[
        domain = 0:2, 
        red, 
        line width = 1pt
        ] 
        {x^2};
\end{axis}
%
\begin{axis}[
    width = 80mm,
    height = 60mm,
    xmin = -1.2,
    xmax = 2.2,
    ymin = -1.3,
    ymax = 4.3,
    axis line style = {rounded corners = 5mm, blue},
    scale only axis,
    ticks = none
    ]
\end{axis}
%
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}