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繪製隨機函數來顯示極限的定義

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繪製隨機函數來顯示極限的定義

早安,在此輸入影像描述

我試圖重現附圖以澄清函數極限的定義。你能幫我完成我已經開始的 tikz 程式碼嗎？

我的問題是圖片中的隨機函數以及 x 和 y 軸上的箭頭。

這是我的程式碼：

\begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \draw[help lines, color=gray!30, dashed] (-3,-3) grid (6,4);
    \draw[->,ultra thick] (-3,0)--(5,0) node[right]{$x$};
    \draw[->,ultra thick] (0,-3)--(0,4) node[above]{$y$};
    \draw[dashed,color=blue] (2,0) node[below] {$$} -- (2,0.69) -- (0,0.69)
    node[left] {};
    \draw[dashed,] (2.5,0) node[below] {$x_0$} -- (2.5,0.916) -- (0,0.916)
    node[left] {$l$};
    \draw[dashed,color=blue] (3,0) node[below] {$$} -- (3,1.09) -- (0,1.09)
    node[left] {};
    \draw[thick,red,domain=0.5:5.5,samples=200] (2,3) node[anchor=north west] {} plot (\x,{ln(\x)});
    %\node[fill=green, text=red, circle, draw=black] {With node}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

這就是結果

在此輸入影像描述

答案1

在提供的圖片上，邊界有點偏離，所以我改變了它。對樣式的評論，您對ultra thickfor 行的選擇有點奇怪，而且如果您更喜歡 log 函數，您可以替換ln(\x)in% f(x) (sigmoid)但您必須重新計算邊界，在這方面，更優雅的解決方案是傳遞%bounds節點到% Lower %Upper %Arrows，把它當作作業:)。 在此輸入影像描述

\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc, math, shapes.geometric, shapes.misc, arrows.meta}

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth]
        % grid and Axis
        \draw[help lines, color=gray!30, dashed] (-3 , -3) grid (5 , 4);
    \draw[->,ultra thick] (-3 , 0) -- (5 , 0) node[right]{$x$}; 
    \draw[->,ultra thick] (0 , -3) -- (0, 4) node[above]{$y$}; 
    % Bounds and function value
    \draw[dashed,color=blue] (3.5, 0) node[below right]
            {$\scriptstyle x_0+\delta$} -- (3.5 , 3.1) -- (0 , 3.1)
            node[left] {$\scriptstyle l+\varepsilon$}; %Upper
    \draw[dashed,] (3  , 0) node[below = 1.5 mm] 
            {$\scriptstyle x_0$} -- (3 , 2.55) -- (0 , 2.55)
            node[left] {$\scriptstyle l$}; % l
    \draw[dashed,color=blue] (2.5 ,  0) node[below left]
            {$\scriptstyle x_0-\delta$} -- (2.5 , 2.0) -- (0 , 2.0)
            node[left] {$\scriptstyle l-\varepsilon$}; % Lower
    \draw[ultra thick,red,domain=-1.8 : 2.25 , samples = 20] {} 
            plot ((\x + 2 , {exp(\x + 1.5)/(2 +  exp(\x)}); % f(x)
    % Annotations
    \draw [|-|, ultra thick, green ] (2.5 , 0) -- (3.0 , 0) 
        node[midway, below = 2.50mm]{$\scriptstyle \delta$}; 
    \draw [<-> , thin , blue] (0.25 , 2.55) -- (0.25 , 3.1)
        node[midway, right] {$\scriptstyle \varepsilon$}; % Upper Arrow
    \draw [<-> , thin , blue] (0.25 , 2) -- (0.25 , 2.55)
            node[midway, right] {$\scriptstyle \varepsilon$}; % Lower Arrow     
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end {document}

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