為兩個並排的圖表添加標題

Question

如何在每個圖表下方新增標題，同時保持它們彼此相鄰？

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\tikzset{main node/.style={circle,fill=black,draw,minimum size=.2cm,inner sep=0pt},}
    \begin{center}
        \begin{tikzpicture}
            \node[main node, label=above:{$a$},] (1) {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$b$}] (2) [below right = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};
            \node[main node, label=left:{$c$}] (3) [below left = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};

            \path[draw, thick]
            (1) edge node {} (2)
            (2) edge node {} (3)
            (1) edge node {} (3);
        \end{tikzpicture} \hspace{2cm}
        \begin{tikzpicture}
            \node[main node, label=left:{$a$},] (1) {};
            \node[main node, label=left:{$b$}] (2) [below = 1cm of 1] {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$c$}] (3) [right = 1cm of 1] {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$d$}] (4) [below = 1 cm of 3] {};

            \path[draw, thick]
            (1) edge node {} (2)
            (2) edge node {} (4)
            (3) edge node {} (4)
            (1) edge node {} (3);
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}
\end{document}

Answer 1

實現這一目標的方法有很多。對於根本沒有標題的情況，您可以使用 MS 的答案，但不使用環境figure，而是使用minipage代替，然後直接在, nosubfigure後面寫入文本。不過，在文字之前加入一個空白行（分段符）。\end{tikzpicture}\caption

在這裡，我展示了一種完全不同的方法，使用單個tikzpicture，第二個圖使用 移到右側\begin{scope}[xshift=5cm, local bounding box=b]。創建local bounding box一個適合 的內容的節點scope，我用它來定位 a\node和文字。

另一個細節：一般不要使用\usetikzlibrary{..}after \begin{document}。這裡似乎不會造成問題，但我見過它不起作用的情況，所以最好在序言中載入庫。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{main node/.style={circle,fill=black,draw,minimum size=.2cm,inner sep=0pt},}
    \begin{center}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[
            captiontext/.style={below=3mm, text width=5cm}
            ]
            \node[main node, label=above:{$a$}] (1) {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$b$}, below right = 1cm and 1cm of 1] (2)  {};
            \node[main node, label=left:{$c$}, below left = 1cm and 1cm of 1] (3) {};

            \draw [thick] (1) -- (2) -- (3) -- (1);
            
            \node [captiontext] at (current bounding box.south) {Text text and more text ad infinitum and so on.};


        \begin{scope}[xshift=5cm, local bounding box=b]
            \node[main node, label=left:{$a$},] (1) {};
            \node[main node, label=left:{$b$},below = 1cm of 1] (2)  {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$c$}, right = 1cm of 1] (3)  {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$d$}, below = 1 cm of 3] (4)  {};

            \draw [thick] (1) -- (2) -- (4) -- (3) -- (1);
            \end{scope}
            
            \node [captiontext] at (b.south) {More text text and more text ad infinitum and so on going on for a bit.};
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}
\end{document}

Answer 2

您可以使用兩個並排的小型頁面。要解決的問題是即使圖片和標題的垂直尺寸不同，也使標題顯示在同一水平面上。

我的解決方案是將圖片嵌入到底部對齊的嵌套小頁面中。相反，外部迷你頁具有頂部對齊方式，這實際上意味著它們的參考點將是頂部框的參考點，因此是圖片的底部。這會將標題放置在頁面上相同的垂直位置。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}

\tikzset{
  main node/.style={
    circle,
    fill=black,
    draw,
    minimum size=.2cm,
    inner sep=0pt
  },
}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}

\begin{minipage}[t]{0.45\textwidth}
% left column
  \begin{minipage}[b]{\textwidth}
  \centering
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[main node, label=above:{$a$},] (1) {};
    \node[main node, label=right:{$b$}] (2) [below right = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};
    \node[main node, label=left:{$c$}] (3) [below left = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};

    \path[draw, thick]
      (1) edge node {} (2)
      (2) edge node {} (3)
      (1) edge node {} (3);
    \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{minipage}

  \caption{This is the figure on the left, with a not so lengthy caption}
\end{minipage}\hfill % <--- don't forget
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.45\textwidth}
% right column
  \begin{minipage}[b]{\textwidth}
  \centering
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[main node, label=left:{$a$},] (1) {};
    \node[main node, label=left:{$b$}] (2) [below = 1cm of 1] {};
    \node[main node, label=right:{$c$}] (3) [right = 1cm of 1] {};
    \node[main node, label=right:{$d$}] (4) [below = 1 cm of 3] {};

    \path[draw, thick]
      (1) edge node {} (2)
      (2) edge node {} (4)
      (3) edge node {} (4)
      (1) edge node {} (3);
  \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{minipage}

  \caption{This is the figure on the right, with a long caption,
    that should form at least three lines; we add text so that
    it's long enough}
\end{minipage}

\end{figure}

\end{document}

Answer 3

希望下面提到的程式碼能滿足您的目的。它基本上是一個帶有兩個子標題的圖形。如果您需要兩個帶有標題的不同圖形，請告訴我。

根據您最近的評論。您可以評論主圖標題部分。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz,subcaption}
\begin{document}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\tikzset{main node/.style={circle,fill=black,draw,minimum size=.2cm,inner sep=0pt},}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.4\linewidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
        \node[main node, label=above:{$a$},] (1) {};
        \node[main node, label=right:{$b$}] (2) [below right = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};
        \node[main node, label=left:{$c$}] (3) [below left = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};
        \path[draw, thick]
        (1) edge node {} (2)
        (2) edge node {} (3)
        (1) edge node {} (3);
    \end{tikzpicture} 
    \caption{caption1} \label{fig:M1} 
    \end{subfigure}
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.4\linewidth}
        \centering
   \begin{tikzpicture}
        \node[main node, label=left:{$a$},] (1) {};
        \node[main node, label=left:{$b$}] (2) [below = 1cm of 1] {};
        \node[main node, label=right:{$c$}] (3) [right = 1cm of 1] {};
        \node[main node, label=right:{$d$}] (4) [below = 1 cm of 3] {};
        \path[draw, thick]
        (1) edge node {} (2)
        (2) edge node {} (4)
        (3) edge node {} (4)
        (1) edge node {} (3);
    \end{tikzpicture}  
\caption{caption2} \label{fig:M2}  
\end{subfigure}
\caption{main caption}  
\end{figure}   
\end{document}

輸出：