keyval 和 pgfkeys 可以產生相同的結果嗎?

keyval 和 pgfkeys 可以產生相同的結果嗎?

我花了大約五個小時(!)學習如何建立帶有鍵值的命令?(和其他資源)並試圖了解如何實現關鍵值,這非常令人困惑。我寫了一個本質上微不足道的測試案例(無論如何,對於這裡的大多數人來說),並且存在一些我無法解釋的不一致之處。

這是一個使用 的 MWE keyval

% !TEX TS-program = lualatexmk
% !TEX encoding = UTF-8 Unicode

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{keyval}

\makeatletter
% Key definitions
\define@key{sayhello}{towhom}{\def\sh@towhom{#1}}
% Key defaults
\setkeys{sayhello}{towhom=Michael}
% Define the command that uses the key
\newcommand{\sayhello}[2][]{%
  %\begingroup% localizes the new settings w/o calling the defaults
  \setkeys{sayhello}{towhom=Michael} % Reset defaults w/o localizing
  \setkeys{sayhello}{#1} % Set new keys
  Say hello to \sh@towhom\ #2.
  %\endgroup%
}%
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\sayhello{tomorrow}

%\sayhello[towhom]{today} % throws no value specified for towhom

\sayhello[towhom=Jill]{tomorrow}

%\sayhello[towhom]{today} % throws no value specified for towhom

\sayhello[towhom=Joe]{tomorrow}

%\sayhello[towhom]{tomorrow} % throws no value specified for towhom

\sayhello{today}
\end{document}

這是一個使用 的 MWE pgfkeys

% !TEX TS-program = lualatexmk
% !TEX encoding = UTF-8 Unicode

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfkeys}

\pgfkeys{%
  /sayhello/.is family, /sayhello,
  towhom/.default=Michael,
  towhom/.store in=\sayto
}%

\newcommand*{\sayhello}[2][]{%
  \pgfkeys{/sayhello,#1}
  Say hello to \sayto\ #2.
}%
\begin{document}
%\sayhello{tomorrow} % throws undefined control sequence

\sayhello[towhom]{today}

\sayhello[towhom=Jill]{tomorrow}

\sayhello[towhom]{today}

\sayhello[towhom=Joe]{tomorrow}

\sayhello[towhom]{tomorrow}

\sayhello{today} % works perfectly
\end{document}

我希望兩種實作都能給出相同的結果。他們不。keyval似乎不喜歡指定沒有值的鍵。pgfkeys當根本沒有給出任何選項時,行為不一致,但在keyval沒有給出選項的情況下,行為完美。我的範例編碼不正確嗎?不一致的行為是預期的嗎?我徹底糊塗了。

答案1

您混淆了初始值和預設值。如果您使用鍵而不給出值,請使用第二個。除此之外,如果您使用命令來儲存鍵值,最好先使用 定義它\newcommand,因為這將避免您覆蓋現有命令。

就我個人而言,我確實發現pgfkeys更令人困惑,因為使用相同的命令來定義和設定鍵,並且理解某些處理程序的行為並不總是容易的,請參見例如pgfkeys 金鑰處理程序 .get 和 .store 的作用是什麼?

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{keyval}

\makeatletter
\newcommand\sh@towhom{}
\define@key{sayhello}{towhom}[Default]{\def\sh@towhom{#1}}
\setkeys{sayhello}{towhom=Initial}
\newcommand{\sayhello}[2][]{%
  \begingroup  
  \setkeys{sayhello}{#1} % Set new keys
   keyval, say hello to \sh@towhom\ #2.
  \endgroup%
}%
\makeatother

\usepackage{pgfkeys}

\newcommand\sayto{}
\pgfkeys{%
  /sayhello/.is family, /sayhello,
  towhom/.store in=\sayto,
  towhom/.default=Default,
  towhom = Initial,
}%

\newcommand*{\sayhellopgf}[2][]{%
  \begingroup
  \pgfkeys{/sayhello,#1}%
   pgfkeys, say hello to \sayto\ #2.
  \endgroup 
}%

\ExplSyntaxOn
\tl_new:N \l_sayhello_towhom_tl
\keys_define:nn {sayhello}
 {
  towhom .tl_set:N = \l_sayhello_towhom_tl,
  towhom .initial:n = Initial,
  towhom .default:n = Default 
 }
 
\NewDocumentCommand\sayhelloexpl{O{}m}
 {
  \group_begin:
  \keys_set:nn{sayhello}{#1}
  l3keys,~say~hello~to~\l_sayhello_towhom_tl\c_space_tl#2
  \group_end:
 }
 
  
\ExplSyntaxOff
\begin{document}
\sayhello{tomorrow}

\sayhello[towhom]{today} 

\sayhello[towhom=Jill]{tomorrow}

\sayhello[towhom]{today} 

\sayhello[towhom=Joe]{tomorrow}

\sayhello[towhom]{tomorrow} 

\sayhello{today}

\sayhellopgf{tomorrow}

\sayhellopgf[towhom]{today} 

\sayhellopgf[towhom=Jill]{tomorrow}

\sayhellopgf[towhom]{today} 

\sayhellopgf[towhom=Joe]{tomorrow}

\sayhellopgf[towhom]{tomorrow} 

\sayhellopgf{today}


\sayhelloexpl{tomorrow}

\sayhelloexpl[towhom]{today} 

\sayhelloexpl[towhom=Jill]{tomorrow}

\sayhelloexpl[towhom]{today} 

\sayhelloexpl[towhom=Joe]{tomorrow}

\sayhelloexpl[towhom]{tomorrow} 

\sayhelloexpl{today}
\end{document}

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