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流程圖上的節點對齊

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf flow-charts
流程圖上的節點對齊

因此，我正在為我工作的實驗室的 SEM 建立基於流程圖的操作手冊，但在將一個節點與其他兩個節點對齊時遇到了麻煩。

我已經看過幾頁了[1][2][3][4]在這裡提出了同樣的問題並嘗試了他們的解決方案，但沒有成功，所以如果有人可以幫助我，我將非常感激。

這是我的 MWE：

%%%  DOCUMENT SETTINGS  %%%
\documentclass[12pt, a3paper]{article} %page type
\usepackage[margin=2cm]{geometry} %margins
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{indentfirst} %indenting package
\setstretch{1.5} %between lines spacement
\setlength{\parindent}{1.5cm} %first line indentation

%page settings
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy} % seting to use the customizable head and footers
\fancyhf{} % cleaning standard head and footers to use the new one
\rfoot{Autores: Eduardo de Almeida Isoppo;\\Luiz Felipe Pompermaier.} % page number on the footer's right side
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} %remove the line on the headers
\usepackage{float} % tables and figures in multicols.

%font and language configs
\usepackage[brazil]{babel} %letter type
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} %normal acentuation
%\usepackage{arial}
    % using pseudoarial font Helvetica.
    \usepackage{helvet}
    \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
    \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

%Reference configs
\usepackage{hyperref}
\hypersetup{
    colorlinks=true,
    linkcolor=red,
    citecolor=black,
    filecolor=magenta,
    urlcolor=blue,
    breaklinks=false,
    pdfauthor={Luiz Felipe Pompermaier}
    }

%image config
\usepackage{graphicx} % Image using package
%\graphicspath{{Imagens/}} % Image path
\usepackage{caption} % Image, tables, and others captions.
\usepackage{subcaption} % SubImage package. More then one per line.

%math config
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsmath}

% text packages
\usepackage{blindtext} % lorem ipsum
%\usepackage{lipsum}
%\usepackage{titling} % used to make title higger in page
\usepackage{sectsty} % section title
\sectionfont{\fontsize{12}{15}\selectfont} %changing section fontsize
\usepackage{multicol} % multiple columns
\usepackage{xcolor} % coloring text
\usepackage[none]{hyphenat} % no hyphenation
\usepackage{microtype} % better justification
\usepackage{tcolorbox} % text in coloured boxes

% tikz package for flowchart drawings
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikz-layers}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{fit}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{intersections}

% Flowchart configs
\tikzstyle{startstop} = [ellipse, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=2cm,text centered, text width=3cm, draw=black, fill=red!30]
\tikzstyle{io} = [trapezium, trapezium left angle=70, trapezium right angle=110, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=blue!30]
\tikzstyle{process} = [rectangle, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, text width=3cm, draw=black, fill=orange!30]
\tikzstyle{decision} = [diamond, aspect=2, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, text width=3cm, draw=black, fill=green!30]
\tikzstyle{arrow} = [thick,->,>=stealth, line width=2pt]

\newlength{\AL}
\setlength{\AL}{2cm}

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
    \Huge \textbf{Fluxograma de Operação do MEV}
\end{center}

\begin{figure}[!htb]
    \centering
    \begin{tikzpicture}
        % Nodes and texts
        \node (SftWrk) [decision, below=\AL of ScrnON] {Software está funcionando?};
        \node (SftErr) [process, left=\AL of SftWrk] {Chame um Técnico};
        \node (VentCb) [process, below=\AL of SftWrk] {Ventilar câmara segurando \textbf{VENT}.};
        \node (SmplHd) [process, left=\AL of VentCb, dashed] {Montar Porta-amostras desejado.};
        \begin{scope}[on behind layer]
            \node (Sample) [io][fit=(SmplHd)]{};
        \end{scope}
        
        % Arrows
        \begin{scope}[on background layer]
            \draw[arrow] (SftWrk) -- node[anchor=south] {\textbf{NÃO}} (SftErr);
            \draw[arrow] (SftWrk) -- node[anchor=east] {\textbf{SIM}} (VentCb);
            \draw[arrow] (Sample) |- ($(EvacCb)!.5!(VentCb)$);
            \draw[arrow] (VentCb) -- +(0,-\AL);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

這是它產生的結果（重點關注感興趣的區域）： 在此輸入影像描述

我想要的是將(SmplHd)下方(SftErr)和左側的框對齊(VentCb)，如果這對閱讀本文的每個人都有意義的話。

更明確地說，該at (SftErr|-VentCb)命令不起作用。

完整的編譯請查看https://www.overleaf.com/read/nfyvphkggdny

答案1

編輯： 使用另外兩個節點擴展圖像片段，並稍微修改節點形狀樣式。

像這樣？

在此輸入影像描述

此影像片段由以下 MWE（最小工作範例）生成

\documentclass[12pt, margin=3mm]{standalone}    % page type
\usepackage{helvet}
    \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\usepackage[brazil]{babel}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                backgrounds,
                calc, chains,
                fit,
                intersections,
                positioning,
                quotes,
                shapes.geometric,
            babel
                }
% Flowchart config
\makeatletter
\tikzset{
         base/.style = {draw=black, semithick, font=\small,
                        minimum height=9mm, text width=33mm, align=flush center,
                        outer sep=0pt},
    startstop/.style = {base,
                        ellipse, fill=red!30},
           io/.style = {base,
                        trapezium, trapezium left angle=70, trapezium right angle=110,
                        fill=blue!30},
      process/.style = {base, fill=orange!30},
     decision/.style = {base, inner sep=1pt,
                        diamond, aspect=2, fill=green!30},
          arr/.style = {-Stealth, thick},
every edge quotes/.append style = {auto, pos=0.4, font=\footnotesize\bfseries},
  suspend join/.code = {\def\tikz@after@path{}} % for use in not showed image part
        }
\makeatother
\newlength{\AL}
\setlength{\AL}{12mm}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = \AL and \AL, 
  start chain = going below
                        ]
% first branch (unfinished)
    \begin{scope}[nodes = {on chain, join=by arr}]
\node (ScrnON)  [process]   {Ligar Monitores};
\node (SftWrk)  [decision]  {Software está funcionando?};
\node (VentCb)  [process]   {Ventilar câmara segurando \textbf{VENT}.};
\node (EvacCb)  [process]   {Evacuar câmara segurando \textbf{EVAC}.};
   \end{scope}
% left from first branch
\node (SftErr)  [process,
                 left=of SftWrk]    {Chame um Technico};
\node (SmplHd)  [process, dashed,
                 at={(SftErr |- VentCb)}]   {Montar Porta-amostras desejado.};
\scoped[on background layer]
    \node (Sample) [io, fit=(SmplHd)]   {};
% second branch (unfinished)
    \begin{scope}[nodes = {on chain, join=by arr}]
\node (HeatON) [process, suspend join,
                right=2*\AL of ScrnON] {Subir corrente \textbf{devagar} até ponto de saturação.};
\node (SmpLct) [process]    {Localizar Amostra a ser analisada.};
\end{scope}
% third branch

% Arrows
\path
    (SftWrk) edge ["\textbf{NÃO}" '] (SftErr)
    (SftWrk) edge ["\textbf{SIM}"]   (VentCb);
\draw[arr]
    (SftWrk) -- (SftErr);
\draw[arr]
    (Sample) |- ($(VentCb.south)!0.5!(EvacCb.north)$);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
  • 在 MWE 中，省略了所有與影像繪製無關的內容。
  • 使用的是最近的語法來決定節點形狀樣式（而\tikzset不是 obsolete tikzstyle）
  • 帶有虛線邊框的節點的位置位於通過上面節點的垂直線和通過右側節點的水平線的交點上，即通過at={(SftErr |- VentCb)}。
  • 其他分支中節點的位置計劃由下式決定chains（僅指示第二條鏈中的兩個頂部節點）
  • MWE 代碼得到顯著簡化。由於使用join=by ...巨集繪製了分支內節點之間的所有連接線，因此只需要繪製分支外節點和分支之間的節點。

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