我試圖找到一種方法來使用宏，在其中演示命令的輸出，然後透過lstinline命令顯示命令。我讀到我需要轉義特殊字元（如{和}），現在想知道是否有辦法自動執行此操作。不確定這是否可能。
理想情況下，該\commandExample{\qty{1.2}{\meter}}命令會產生Output:1.2 m - Code:\qty{1.2}{\meter}
微量元素：
\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{listings}
\definecolor{lightgrey}{rgb}{0.9,0.9,0.9}
\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0}
\lstset{language=[LaTeX]TeX,
caption = {Missing Caption}
,label = {lst:missingLabel}
,basicstyle = \footnotesize\ttfamily %\footnotesize % \small\ttfamily
,frame = shadowbox%
,numbers = left%
,breaklines = true%
,keywordstyle = \color{darkgreen}%
,commentstyle = \color{red}%
,tabsize = 2%
,backgroundcolor = \color{lightgrey}%
%,texcsstyle = {*\bf\color{blue}}%
%,otherkeywords = $, \{, \}, \[, \]%
,morekeywords = {includegraphics }%
,moretexcs = {graphicspath}%
}
\NewDocumentCommand{\commandExample}{m}{%
Output:#1 - Code:\lstinline{#1}}
\begin{document}
\commandExample{begin}.
\unit{\meter}
%\commandExample{\unit{\meter}} % This line causes it to crash
\end{document}
答案1
我會逐字吸收這個論點並用來\tl_rescan:nn排版它。
\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{listings}
\definecolor{lightgrey}{rgb}{0.9,0.9,0.9}
\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0}
\lstset{language=[LaTeX]TeX,
caption = {Missing Caption}
,label = {lst:missingLabel}
,basicstyle = \footnotesize\ttfamily
,frame = shadowbox
,numbers = left
,breaklines = true
,keywordstyle = \color{darkgreen}
,commentstyle = \color{red}
,tabsize = 2
,backgroundcolor = \color{lightgrey}
,texcsstyle = {*\bfseries\color{blue}}
%,otherkeywords = {$, \{, \}, \[, \]}
,morekeywords = {includegraphics,unit}
,moretexcs = {graphicspath}%
}
\ExplSyntaxOn
\NewDocumentCommand{\commandExample}{v}
{
Output:~\tl_rescan:nn {} {#1} ~ - ~ Code:~\lstinline{#1}
}
\ExplSyntaxOff
\begin{document}
\commandExample{\unit{\meter}}
\commandExample{\textit{word}}
\end{document}
答案2
一般來說egreg提供的程式碼是優先於我的程式碼。
\mathescape=true但是，透過inside啟用的數學轉義機制\lstset，以及允許\lstinline透過在 之間嵌套事物而在參數內轉義到數學模式的數學模式，在直接應用於 v 類型參數$...$時會被破壞。\lstinline
啟用 mathescape 後，該指令\lstinline{$x^2+y^2=2^2$}會為您提供大量模式錯誤訊息，! Undefined control sequence. \lst@arg ->$x以防$x^2+y^2=2^2$被標記為 v 類型參數。
因此，如果在現實場景中您不需要 mathescape 功能，我建議使用egreg 的程式碼。
如果在現實生活場景中您確實需要 mathescape 功能，請修改egreg的答案，以便\commandExample在適當的類別代碼制度下讀取並標記其參數，或嘗試將\scantokens或\tl_rescan:nn應用於傳遞給的標記的方法\lstinline。
一個小問題是：對於較新的 LaTeX 發行版，您的程式碼不提供\unit和 的任何定義\meter。因此，在下面的範例中，使用了命令\si和。\metre
一個問題是： 的一個特性是，如果它本身也包含 ，則\lstinline的參數\lstinline通常不能嵌套在{和之間。在這種情況下，參數需要嵌套在參數中未出現的字元之間。所以不會成功，但你需要做類似的事情。 （egreg 的答案中完成的另一個技巧是在 verbatim-catcode-régime 下標記化參數，以便在任何情況下它不包含類別 1 或類別 2。但是-type-category-code-régime 會中斷的一些特徵——至少是mathescape-feature。}{\lstinline{\unit{\meter}}\lstinline|\unit{\meter}|\lstinline{}v\lstinline
另一個問題是 TeX 期望值 的參數\lstinline在不同的類別代碼系統下被標記化。因此，\lstinline暫時更改類別代碼制度，以從令牌流中獲取屬於其參數的令牌。\lstinline依賴 TeX 需要從 .tex-input-file 中讀取，並在更改的類別代碼系統下對屬於參數的標記進行標記，以便可以從標記流中獲取它們。因此\lstinline僅適用於用戶級別/頂級。\lstinline當參數在未更改的類別代碼制度下標記化後傳入參數時不起作用，例如，當將調用\lstinline放入其他宏的定義文本中時，這些宏在未更改的類別代碼制度下獲取參數並將它們傳遞給\lstinline.
這個問題可以在某種程度上避免，方法是讓巨集\commandExample本身在獲取參數之前更改類別代碼制度，然後將它們傳遞給\lstinline嵌套在 中的\scantokens{...%}。
但由此又出現了另一個問題：LaTeX 2ε、expl3 和 xparse 都沒有提供逐字參數類型，可以讓您保留並傳遞逐字分隔符號。
因此，在下面的範例中，\UDcollectverbarg提供了切換到逐字catcode 模式的命令，並獲取不帶逐字分隔符號和嵌套在逐字分隔符號之間的參數，以便可以正確地傳遞這些內容以進行進一步處理。
\makeatletter
%%======================Code for \UDcollectverbarg=============================
%% \UDcollectverbarg{<mandatory 1>}{<mandatory 2>}|<verbatim arg>|
%%
%% reads <verbatim arg> under verbatim-catcode-regime and delivers:
%%
%% <mandatory 1>{<mandatory 2>{<verbatim arg>}{|<verbatim arg>|}}
%%
%% Instead of verbatim-delimiter | the <verbatim arg> can be nested in braces.
%% You cannot use percent or spaces or horizontal tab as verbatim-delimiter.
%%
%% You can use <mandatory 1> for nesting calls to \UDcollectverbarg.
%% <mandatory 2> gets the <verbatim arg> twice: Once without verbatim-delimiters/braces,
%% once surrounded by verbatim-delimiters/braces.
%% Reason: When you feed it to \scantokens you don't need the verbatim-delimiters.
%% When you use it for writing to temporary files and reading back,
%% you need them.
%%=============================================================================
%% Check whether argument is empty:
%%=============================================================================
\@ifdefinable\UD@stopromannumeral{\chardef\UD@stopromannumeral=`\^^00}%
%%
%% \UD@CheckWhetherNull{<Argument which is to be checked>}%
%% {<Tokens to be delivered in case that argument
%% which is to be checked is empty>}%
%% {<Tokens to be delivered in case that argument
%% which is to be checked is not empty>}%
%%
%% The gist of this macro comes from Robert R. Schneck's \ifempty-macro:
%% <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!original/comp.text.tex/kuOEIQIrElc/lUg37FmhA74J>
\newcommand\UD@CheckWhetherNull[1]{%
\romannumeral\expandafter\@secondoftwo\string{\expandafter
\@secondoftwo\expandafter{\expandafter{\string#1}\expandafter
\@secondoftwo\string}\expandafter\@firstoftwo\expandafter{\expandafter
\@secondoftwo\string}\expandafter\UD@stopromannumeral\@secondoftwo}{%
\expandafter\UD@stopromannumeral\@firstoftwo}%
}%
%%=============================================================================
\newcommand\UDcollectverbarg[2]{%
\begingroup
\let\do\@makeother % <- this and the next line switch to
\dospecials % verbatim-category-code-régime.
\catcode`\{=1 % <- give opening curly brace the usual catcode so a
% curly-brace-balanced argument can be gathered in
% case of the first thing of the verbatimized-argument
% being a curly opening brace.
\catcode`\ =10 % <- give space and horizontal tab the usual catcode so \UD@collectverbarg
\catcode`\^^I=10 % cannot catch a space or a horizontal tab as its 4th undelimited argument.
% (Its 4th undelimited argument denotes the verbatim-
% syntax-delimiter in case of not gathering a
% curly-brace-nested argument.)
\catcode`\%=14 % <- make percent comment.
\kernel@ifnextchar\bgroup
{% seems a curly-brace-nested argument is to be caught:
\catcode`\}=2 % <- give closing curly brace the usual catcode also.
\UD@collectverbarg{#1}{#2}{}%
}{% seems an argument with verbatim-syntax-delimiter is to be caught:
\do\{% <- give opening curly brace the verbatim-catcode again.
\UD@collectverbarg{#1}{#2}%
}%
}%
\newcommand\UD@collectverbarg[3]{%
\do\ % <- Now that \UD@collectverbarg has the delimiter or
\do\^^I% emptiness in its 4th arg, give space and horizontal tab
% the verbatim-catcode again.
\do\^^M% <- Give the carriage-return-character the verbatim-catcode.
\do\%% <- Give the percent-character the verbatim-catcode.
\long\def\@tempb##1#3{%
\def\@tempb{##1}%
\UD@CheckWhetherNull{#3}{%
\def\@tempc{{##1}}%
}{%
\def\@tempc{#3##1#3}%
}%
\@onelevel@sanitize\@tempb % <- Turn characters into their "12/other"-pendants.
% This may be important with things like the
% inputenc-package which may make characters
% active/which give them catcode 13(active).
\@onelevel@sanitize\@tempc
\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\UD@@collectverbarg% <- this "spits out the result.
\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{%
\expandafter\@tempb\expandafter}%
\expandafter{\@tempc}{#1}{#2}%
}%
\@tempb
}%
\newcommand\UD@@collectverbarg[4]{%
\endgroup
#3{#4{#1}{#2}}%
}%
%%================= End of code for \UDcollectverbarg =========================
\makeatother
%%
\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{listings}
\definecolor{lightgrey}{rgb}{0.9,0.9,0.9}
\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0}
\lstset{language=[LaTeX]TeX,
% !!! Let's enable the mathescape-feature to test if it works:
mathescape=true,
%
caption = {Missing Caption}
,label = {lst:missingLabel}
,basicstyle = \footnotesize\ttfamily %\footnotesize % \small\ttfamily
,frame = shadowbox%
,numbers = left%
,breaklines = true%
,keywordstyle = \color{darkgreen}%
,commentstyle = \color{red}%
,tabsize = 2%
,backgroundcolor = \color{lightgrey}%
%,texcsstyle = {*\bf\color{blue}}%
%,otherkeywords = $, \{, \}, \[, \]%
,morekeywords = {includegraphics }%
,moretexcs = {graphicspath}%
}
\makeatletter
\NewDocumentCommand{\commandExample}{}{%
\UDcollectverbarg{\@firstofone}{\@commandExample}%
}%
\begingroup
\catcode`\X=14 %
\catcode`\%=12 X
\csname @firstofone\endcsname{X
\endgroup
\NewDocumentCommand{\@commandExample}{mm}{X
\scantokens{Output: #1 - Code: \lstinline#2%}X
}X
}%
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\verb:\commandExample{begin}: yields:
\commandExample{begin}
\medskip\hrule\medskip
\noindent Both with \verb|\lstinline| and thus with this variant of \verb|\commandExample| you can't have
\verb|{| within arguments that are nested between \verb|{...}|. Use some verbatim-delimiter instead:
\medskip
\verb:\commandExample|\si{\metre}|: yields:
\commandExample|\si{\metre}|
\medskip\hrule\medskip
\noindent \verb|mathescape|-thingies in the code seem to work, too:
\medskip
\verb:\commandExample|$x^2+y^2=z^2$|: yields:
\commandExample|$x^2+y^2=z^2$|
\medskip\hrule\medskip
\verb:\commandExample{$x^2+y^2=z^2$}: yields:
\commandExample{$x^2+y^2=z^2$}
\end{document}
