建立一個生成字母的函數？

Question

我必須寫很多封信，每次我只需要修改姓名、日期和地址，但內容總是相同的。

簡短的版本類似於“親愛的[姓名]，來自[地址]，您必須在[時間][日期]出現。”

有沒有辦法自動化這個？我只想為 Latex 插入正確的字段以從模板創建信件。

Answer 1

我喜歡這樣做，使用datatool包包（也像評論中建議的那樣）：

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{scrlttr2}  
\usepackage{datatool}

\begin{document}        
\setkomavar{date}{\today}
\setkomavar{subject}{Very Important Letter}
\setkomavar{fromname}{Tom}
\setkomavar{fromaddress} {%
    My Company\\
    Company Way 42\\
    1337~Corporatetown%
}   

\DTLloaddb{list}{addresses.csv}
\DTLforeach{list}{\first=Firstname,\last=Lastname,\address=Street,
    \town=Town,\postal=Postal}{% start of loop
\begin{letter}{\first~\last \\ \address \\ \postal~\town}%
\opening{Dear \first~\last,}%

    some text   
    
    some more text

        \closing{Best regards}

\end{letter}
} % end of for loop
\end{document}

然後我將所有地址放在一個單獨的 中addresses.csv，如下所示：

Firstname,Lastname,Street,Postal,Town
John,Doe,Example Street 1, 12345, North Pole
Jane,Doe,Example Street 2, 12345, North Pole

當然，最終的信件可能不是您喜歡的樣式。但您可以使用 KOMA 的全部選項，只需查看科馬手冊！

Answer 2

一種更簡單的方法是記住您可以letter在單一文件中擁有多個環境。因此你可以寫出這樣的東西：

\documentclass{letter}
\address{YOUR ADDRESS GOES HERE}
\signature{YOUR SIGNATURE INFO HERE}

\NewDocumentCommand{\myletter}{mmmm}
  {
    \begin{letter}{#1}
    \opening{Dear #2:}
    Please present yourself at the #3 at #4 on #5.
    \closing{Threateningly,}
    \end{letter}
  }

\begin{document}
\myletter{Julius Caesar\\Subura\\Rome}{Julius}{Curia of Pompey}{3:00PM}{15 March 44 BC}
\myletter{Gaius Germanicus\\Temple of Castor and Pollux\\Rome}{Caligula}{Cryptoporticus}{3:00PM}{24 January 41}
\end{document}

Answer 3

這是一個使用包的方法listofitems。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{listofitems}
\newcommand\letterdata{
Sam, Main Street, 3 p.m., 14 April 2022\\
Lisa, Elm St., 1500, 25 December 2022}

\newcommand\stencil{
\noindent Dear <data>,

Please report to our <data> location at <data> on <data>.

\noindent kind regards,\\
The Management}

\setsepchar{\\/,}
\readlist\letteritems{\letterdata}
\setsepchar{<data>}
\readlist\stencilitems{\stencil}

\begin{document}

\foreachitem\z\in\letteritems[]{%
  \foreachitem\zz\in\stencilitems[]{%
    \zz 
    \ifnum\zzcnt<\listlen\stencilitems[]\letteritems[\zcnt,\zzcnt]\fi%
  }%
  \par\bigskip\noindent\hrulefill\par\bigskip
}

\end{document}

如果您需要不按順序或重複使用資料項，那麼這種變體就足夠了：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{listofitems}
\newcommand\letterdata{
Sam, Main Street, 3 p.m., 14 April 2022\\
Lisa, Elm St., 1500, 25 December 2022}

\newcommand\stencil{%
\noindent Dear <data>{1},

Please report to our <data>{2} location at <data>{3} on <data>{4}.

Thank you again, <data>{1}, for your willingness to assist us in
  this matter.

\noindent kind regards,\\
The Management}

\setsepchar{\\/,}
\readlist*\letteritems{\letterdata}
\setsepchar{<data>}
\readlist\stencilitems{\stencil}

\newcommand\fillinthedata[2]{\letteritems[#1,#2]}
\newtoks\lettertoks
\newcommand\addtolettertoks[1]{%
      \lettertoks\expandafter{\the\lettertoks#1}}
\newcommand\xaddtolettertoks[1]{%
      \lettertoks\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{\expandafter
      \the\expandafter\lettertoks#1}}
\begin{document}

\foreachitem\z\in\letteritems[]{%
  \lettertoks{}%
  \foreachitem\zz\in\stencilitems[]{%
    \xaddtolettertoks{\zz}%
    \ifnum\zzcnt<\listlen\stencilitems[]\relax
      \addtolettertoks{\fillinthedata}%
      \xaddtolettertoks{\expandafter{\zcnt}}%
    \fi%
  }%
  \the\lettertoks
  \par\bigskip\noindent\hrulefill\par\bigskip
}

\end{document}