如何為非白色背景上的灰階圖示著色?

如何為非白色背景上的灰階圖示著色?

我的 png 檔案中有一個黑色透明圖示。我想在 LaTeX 文件的不同位置以不同的顏色使用此圖示。作為獎勵,如果我可以為圖標的上半部分指定與下半部分不同的顏色,那就太好了,因為它有時會出現在不同背景的邊界上。

這個答案展示如何對灰階 png 檔案進行著色,並且很容易為上半部提供與下半部不同的顏色。不幸的是,它要求徽標位於白色背景上:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill[yellow!50!white] (0,1) rectangle (2,2);
    \fill[gray!50!black]   (0,0) rectangle (2,1);

    \begin{scope}[blend group=screen]
        \node[inner sep=0,line width=0] (logo) at (1,1) [anchor=center] {\includegraphics{icon-bw}};
        \fill[blue] (logo.west) rectangle (logo.north east);
        \fill[green] (logo.south west) rectangle (logo.east);
    \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

新增了白色背景的範例圖示: 圖示-bw.png

如果我使用黑色到透明的 png,則整個節點將被塗成藍色和綠色。

具有透明背景的範例圖示: 圖示.png

這個答案示範如何使用 png 檔案作為透明蒙版。但是要如何移動圖示使其以 (1,1) 為中心呢?

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{fadings}

\begin{tikzfadingfrompicture}[name=icon]
    \begin{scope}[transparency group]
    \node (icon) [fill, draw, white] {\includegraphics[height=1cm]{icon}};
    \begin{scope}[blend mode=difference]
    \fill[white] (icon.south west) rectangle (icon.north east);
    \end{scope}
    \end{scope}
\end{tikzfadingfrompicture}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill[yellow!50!white] (0,1) rectangle (2,2);
    \fill[gray!50!black]   (0,0) rectangle (2,1);

    % How I intend to use it
    \begin{scope}[scope fading=icon, fit fading=false]
        \fill[blue] (0.5,1) rectangle (1.5,1.5);
        \fill[green] (0.5,0.5) rectangle (1.5,1);
    \end{scope}

    % Approach of the original answer. The icon is not positioned correctly.
    % The specified coordinate does not seem to make any difference.
    \path[scope fading=icon,fit fading=false] (1,1);
    \node[fill=yellow,minimum width=1cm,minimum height=1cm] {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在我的實際用例中,圖示僅由黑色和透明組成。因此,如果答案不適用於中間灰色調,那也是可以接受的。

答案1

淡入淡出模式將以 (0,0) 為中心,移動它的唯一方法是使用\hspace和等移動節點內容\raisebox。移動實現僅使用該位置(遠離邊緣)的模式。由於它居中,因此您必須將其移動到實際移動距離的兩倍。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{fadings}

\begin{tikzfadingfrompicture}[name=icon,inner sep=0]
  \node [fill=transparent!0]
    {\hspace{2cm}\raisebox{2cm}{\includegraphics[height=2cm, width=2cm]{images/icon}}};
\end{tikzfadingfrompicture}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \fill[yellow!50!white] (0,1) rectangle (2,2);
  \fill[gray!50!black]   (0,0) rectangle (2,1);
  \begin{scope}[shift={(1,1)}]
    \path[scope fading=icon, fit fading=false];
    \node[bottom color=blue,top color=green,minimum width=2cm,minimum height=2cm]{};
  \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

示範

答案2

這個答案與 John Kormylo 的答案主要有兩點不同:

  • fading transform我在應用淡入淡出的位置而不是\hspace\raisebox淡入淡出定義中使用 和。另請注意,我使用的是path fading而不是scope fading.我不確定這有多大的區別,但我沒有讓它在傳球scope fading和環境fading transform中發揮作用scope
  • 我正在反轉 png 檔案的顏色,以便填充黑色部分而不是透明部分。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{fadings}

\newcommand\IconNodeContent{%
    \includegraphics[height=1cm]{icon}%
}

\begin{tikzfadingfrompicture}[name=icon]
    % I am using \fill[white] with blend mode=difference to invert the colors
    % so that I can use my black on transparent icon without needing to convert it to white on transparent/black.
    % This has the down side that the area around the icon node is not transparent but opaque.
    % I am increasing the transparent area a little with draw thick to avoid a visible rectangle around the icon when filling it later.
    \begin{scope}[transparency group]
    \node (icon) [fill, draw, thick, white] {\IconNodeContent};
    \begin{scope}[blend mode=difference]
    \fill[white] (icon.south west) rectangle (icon.north east);
    \end{scope}
    \end{scope}
\end{tikzfadingfrompicture}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    % draw background
    \fill[yellow!50!white] (0,1) rectangle (2,2);
    \fill[gray!50!black]   (0,0) rectangle (2,1);

    % create an invisible node to define size and position of icon
    \node (icon) at (1,1) [anchor=center, transparent] {\IconNodeContent};
    % draw the top half of the icon in one color, shifting the coordinates 1pt inwards to make sure no border is visible
    \fill[blue,  path fading=icon, fit fading=false, fading transform={shift=(icon.center)}] ([shift={(1pt,-1pt)}] icon.north west) rectangle ([shift={(-1pt,+0pt)}] icon.east);
    % draw the bottom half of the icon in another color, shifting the coordinates 1pt inwards to make sure no border is visible
    \fill[green, path fading=icon, fit fading=false, fading transform={shift=(icon.center)}] ([shift={(1pt,+1pt)}] icon.south west) rectangle ([shift={(-1pt,-0pt)}] icon.east);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

輸出

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