我寫了一個大的遊戲樹（使用自動機包）並且需要以橫向模式顯示它。我已經嘗試過同時使用兩者文字位置和幾何學（newgeometry 指令）軟體包，但沒有任何正面的結果。我需要將圖片向左移動，以便遊戲樹的右側部分正確顯示。有什麼建議麼？另外，如果有辦法讓它適合縱向模式那就更好了。這是代碼：
\documentclass[12pt]{exam}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgf}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{textpos}
\usepackage{pdflscape}
\usetikzlibrary{external,automata,trees,positioning,shadows,arrows,shapes.geometric}
\begin{document}
\begin{landscape}
\begin{tikzpicture}[->,>=stealth',shorten >=1pt,auto,node distance=2.8cm,
semithick]
\tikzstyle{every state}=[fill,draw=none,green,text=white,circular drop shadow]
\tikzstyle{accepting}=[circle split, draw,text=black,inner sep=0.08cm]
\tikzstyle{initial}=[red,text=white]
\node[state,initial] (N0) {Nature};
\node[state] (N1) [below left of=N0,xshift=-5cm] {Nature};
\node[state] (F1) [below left of=N1] {R\&G};
\node[state] (K1) [below right of=N1] {R\&G};
\node[state] (FS1) [below left of=F1] {H};
\node[accepting] (FN1) [above left of=F1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[state] (KS1) [below right of=K1] {H};
\node[accepting] (KN1) [above right of=K1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSC1) [below left of=FS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSN1) [above left of=FS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSC1) [below right of=KS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSN1) [above right of=KS1] {\phantom{1}};
\path(N1) edge node[ above left, pos=.20]{feed Hamlet} node[ below right, pos=.30]{0} (F1)
edge node[above right, pos=.20]{kill Hamlet} node[below left, pos=.30]{1} (K1);
\path(F1) edge node[above left,pos=.5]{escort} (FS1) edge node[ left]{don't}(FN1);
\path(K1) edge node[above right,pos=.5]{escort} (KS1) edge node[ right]{don't}(KN1);
\path(FS1) edge node[above left]{change} (FSC1) edge node[ left]{don't}(FSN1);
\path(KS1) edge node[above right]{change} (KSC1) edge node[ right]{don't}(KSN1);
\path(K1) edge[thick,dotted,-](F1);
\node[state] (N)[below right of=N0,xshift=5cm] {Nature};
\node[state] (F) [below left of=N] {R\&G};
\node[state] (K) [below right of=N] {R\&G};
\node[state] (FS) [below left of=F] {H};
\node[accepting] (FN) [above left of=F] {\phantom{1}};
\node[state] (KS) [below right of=K] {H};
\node[accepting] (KN) [above right of=K] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSC) [below left of=FS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSN) [above left of=FS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSC) [below right of=KS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSN) [above right of=KS] {\phantom{1}};
\path(N) edge node[ above left, pos=.20]{feed Hamlet} node[ below right, pos=.30]{0} (F)
edge node[above right, pos=.20]{kill Hamlet} node[below left, pos=.30]{1} (K);
\path(F) edge node[above left,pos=.5]{escort} (FS) edge node[ left]{don't}(FN);
\path(K) edge node[above right,pos=.5]{escort} (KS) edge node[ right]{don't}(KN);
\path(FS) edge node[above left]{change} (FSC) edge node[ left]{don't}(FSN);
\path(KS) edge node[above right]{change} (KSC) edge node[ right]{don't}(KSN);
\path(K) edge[thick,dotted,-](F);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{landscape}
\end{document}
答案1
沒有解決方案，\resizebox因為使用此巨集可以調整文字大小。我嘗試像你一樣使用景觀環境。問題是要知道您是否需要在大文件中或單獨使用這棵樹。
1）parindent=0pt 額外的水平空間。
2）\eject\null嘗試將盒子以垂直模式放置在新頁面上；現在可以\vfill在盒子周圍使用。
3）\hspace*{-4cm}我不知道課堂考試所使用的佈局到底是什麼，所以我手動搜尋一個好的尺寸來將盒子居中而沒有左邊距。
4）我在這裡減少了一點node distance2.5厘米而不是2.8厘米也許可以再次減少，但在這種情況下你需要改變一些文本的位置。
\documentclass[12pt]{exam}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{pdflscape}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usetikzlibrary{external,automata,trees,positioning,shadows,arrows,shapes.geometric}
\newlength\Textht
\setlength\Textht{\textheight}
\begin{document}
\begin{landscape}
\parindent=0pt
\eject\null
\vfill
\hspace*{-4cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[->,>=stealth',shorten >=1pt,auto,node distance=2.5cm,
semithick]
\tikzstyle{every state}=[fill,draw=none,green,text=white,circular drop shadow]
\tikzstyle{accepting}=[circle split, draw,text=black,inner sep=0.08cm]
\tikzstyle{initial}=[red,text=white]
\node[state,initial] (N0) {Nature};
\node[state] (N1) [below left of=N0,xshift=-5cm] {Nature};
\node[state] (F1) [below left of=N1] {R\&G};
\node[state] (K1) [below right of=N1] {R\&G};
\node[state] (FS1) [below left of=F1] {H};
\node[accepting] (FN1) [above left of=F1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[state] (KS1) [below right of=K1] {H};
\node[accepting] (KN1) [above right of=K1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSC1) [below left of=FS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSN1) [above left of=FS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSC1) [below right of=KS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSN1) [above right of=KS1] {\phantom{1}};
\path(N1) edge node[ above left, pos=.20]{feed Hamlet} node[ below right, pos=.30]{0} (F1)
edge node[above right, pos=.20]{kill Hamlet} node[below left, pos=.30]{1} (K1);
\path(F1) edge node[above left,pos=.5]{escort} (FS1) edge node[ left]{don't}(FN1);
\path(K1) edge node[above right,pos=.5]{escort} (KS1) edge node[ right]{don't}(KN1);
\path(FS1) edge node[above left]{change} (FSC1) edge node[ left]{don't}(FSN1);
\path(KS1) edge node[above right]{change} (KSC1) edge node[ right]{don't}(KSN1);
\path(K1) edge[thick,dotted,-](F1);
\node[state] (N) [below right of=N0,xshift=5cm] {Nature};
\node[state] (F) [below left of=N] {R\&G};
\node[state] (K) [below right of=N] {R\&G};
\node[state] (FS) [below left of=F] {H};
\node[accepting] (FN) [above left of=F] {\phantom{1}};
\node[state] (KS) [below right of=K] {H};
\node[accepting] (KN) [above right of=K] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSC) [below left of=FS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSN) [above left of=FS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSC) [below right of=KS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSN) [above right of=KS] {\phantom{1}};
\path(N) edge node[ above left, pos=.20]{feed Hamlet} node[ below right, pos=.30]{0} (F)
edge node[above right, pos=.20]{kill Hamlet} node[below left, pos=.30]{1} (K);
\path(F) edge node[above left,pos=.5]{escort} (FS) edge node[ left]{don't}(FN);
\path(K) edge node[above right,pos=.5]{escort} (KS) edge node[ right]{don't}(KN);
\path(FS) edge node[above left]{change} (FSC) edge node[ left]{don't}(FSN);
\path(KS) edge node[above right]{change} (KSC) edge node[ right]{don't}(KSN);
\path(K) edge[thick,dotted,-](F);
\end{tikzpicture}%
\hfill
\vfill
\end{landscape}
\end{document}
答案2
您可以\resizebox從graphicx包裝中使用；因為在橫向模式下寬度和高度會交換，所以您需要使用原始寬度\textheight作為調整大小的新寬度：
\documentclass[12pt]{exam}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usetikzlibrary{external,automata,trees,positioning,shadows,arrows,shapes.geometric}
\newlength\Textht
\setlength\Textht{\textheight}
\begin{document}
\begin{landscape}
\null\vfill
\noindent\resizebox{\Textht}{!}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[->,>=stealth',shorten >=1pt,auto,node distance=2.8cm,
semithick]
\tikzstyle{every state}=[fill,draw=none,green,text=white,circular drop shadow]
\tikzstyle{accepting}=[circle split, draw,text=black,inner sep=0.08cm]
\tikzstyle{initial}=[red,text=white]
\node[state,initial] (N0) {Nature};
\node[state] (N1) [below left of=N0,xshift=-5cm] {Nature};
\node[state] (F1) [below left of=N1] {R\&G};
\node[state] (K1) [below right of=N1] {R\&G};
\node[state] (FS1) [below left of=F1] {H};
\node[accepting] (FN1) [above left of=F1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[state] (KS1) [below right of=K1] {H};
\node[accepting] (KN1) [above right of=K1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSC1) [below left of=FS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSN1) [above left of=FS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSC1) [below right of=KS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSN1) [above right of=KS1] {\phantom{1}};
\path(N1) edge node[ above left, pos=.20]{feed Hamlet} node[ below right, pos=.30]{0} (F1)
edge node[above right, pos=.20]{kill Hamlet} node[below left, pos=.30]{1} (K1);
\path(F1) edge node[above left,pos=.5]{escort} (FS1) edge node[ left]{don't}(FN1);
\path(K1) edge node[above right,pos=.5]{escort} (KS1) edge node[ right]{don't}(KN1);
\path(FS1) edge node[above left]{change} (FSC1) edge node[ left]{don't}(FSN1);
\path(KS1) edge node[above right]{change} (KSC1) edge node[ right]{don't}(KSN1);
\path(K1) edge[thick,dotted,-](F1);
\node[state] (N)[below right of=N0,xshift=5cm] {Nature};
\node[state] (F) [below left of=N] {R\&G};
\node[state] (K) [below right of=N] {R\&G};
\node[state] (FS) [below left of=F] {H};
\node[accepting] (FN) [above left of=F] {\phantom{1}};
\node[state] (KS) [below right of=K] {H};
\node[accepting] (KN) [above right of=K] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSC) [below left of=FS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSN) [above left of=FS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSC) [below right of=KS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSN) [above right of=KS] {\phantom{1}};
\path(N) edge node[ above left, pos=.20]{feed Hamlet} node[ below right, pos=.30]{0} (F)
edge node[above right, pos=.20]{kill Hamlet} node[below left, pos=.30]{1} (K);
\path(F) edge node[above left,pos=.5]{escort} (FS) edge node[ left]{don't}(FN);
\path(K) edge node[above right,pos=.5]{escort} (KS) edge node[ right]{don't}(KN);
\path(FS) edge node[above left]{change} (FSC) edge node[ left]{don't}(FSN);
\path(KS) edge node[above right]{change} (KSC) edge node[ right]{don't}(KSN);
\path(K) edge[thick,dotted,-](F);
\end{tikzpicture}%
}
\vfill
\end{landscape}
\end{document}
我還使用了一些\vfill命令來垂直居中tikzpicture，但這些命令是可選的。另請注意，由於您正在加載tikz，因此無需明確加載pgf。
可以使用相同的指令在縱向模式下調整樹的大小：
\documentclass[12pt]{exam}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{pdflscape}
\usetikzlibrary{external,automata,trees,positioning,shadows,arrows,shapes.geometric}
\begin{document}
\noindent\resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[->,>=stealth',shorten >=1pt,auto,node distance=2.8cm,
semithick]
\tikzstyle{every state}=[fill,draw=none,green,text=white,circular drop shadow]
\tikzstyle{accepting}=[circle split, draw,text=black,inner sep=0.08cm]
\tikzstyle{initial}=[red,text=white]
\node[state,initial] (N0) {Nature};
\node[state] (N1) [below left of=N0,xshift=-5cm] {Nature};
\node[state] (F1) [below left of=N1] {R\&G};
\node[state] (K1) [below right of=N1] {R\&G};
\node[state] (FS1) [below left of=F1] {H};
\node[accepting] (FN1) [above left of=F1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[state] (KS1) [below right of=K1] {H};
\node[accepting] (KN1) [above right of=K1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSC1) [below left of=FS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSN1) [above left of=FS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSC1) [below right of=KS1] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSN1) [above right of=KS1] {\phantom{1}};
\path(N1) edge node[ above left, pos=.20]{feed Hamlet} node[ below right, pos=.30]{0} (F1)
edge node[above right, pos=.20]{kill Hamlet} node[below left, pos=.30]{1} (K1);
\path(F1) edge node[above left,pos=.5]{escort} (FS1) edge node[ left]{don't}(FN1);
\path(K1) edge node[above right,pos=.5]{escort} (KS1) edge node[ right]{don't}(KN1);
\path(FS1) edge node[above left]{change} (FSC1) edge node[ left]{don't}(FSN1);
\path(KS1) edge node[above right]{change} (KSC1) edge node[ right]{don't}(KSN1);
\path(K1) edge[thick,dotted,-](F1);
\node[state] (N)[below right of=N0,xshift=5cm] {Nature};
\node[state] (F) [below left of=N] {R\&G};
\node[state] (K) [below right of=N] {R\&G};
\node[state] (FS) [below left of=F] {H};
\node[accepting] (FN) [above left of=F] {\phantom{1}};
\node[state] (KS) [below right of=K] {H};
\node[accepting] (KN) [above right of=K] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSC) [below left of=FS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (FSN) [above left of=FS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSC) [below right of=KS] {\phantom{1}};
\node[accepting] (KSN) [above right of=KS] {\phantom{1}};
\path(N) edge node[ above left, pos=.20]{feed Hamlet} node[ below right, pos=.30]{0} (F)
edge node[above right, pos=.20]{kill Hamlet} node[below left, pos=.30]{1} (K);
\path(F) edge node[above left,pos=.5]{escort} (FS) edge node[ left]{don't}(FN);
\path(K) edge node[above right,pos=.5]{escort} (KS) edge node[ right]{don't}(KN);
\path(FS) edge node[above left]{change} (FSC) edge node[ left]{don't}(FSN);
\path(KS) edge node[above right]{change} (KSC) edge node[ right]{don't}(KSN);
\path(K) edge[thick,dotted,-](F);
\end{tikzpicture}%
}
\end{document}
