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如何按時間複製access.log行？

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如何按時間複製access.log行？

我在 CentOS 中有一個巨大的網頁伺服器 access.log。我透過遠端 VPN 存取它，因此無法複製檔案或直接讀取它。

我知道我想要複製的日誌中的具體時間，但它太早了，太容易將日誌的尾部複製到文字檔案中。這是一行日誌的樣子。

10.255.16.203 - - [26/Mar/2014:16:35:13 +0000]

所以我的問題是:如果我知道要查找的時間字串，如何複製非常大的日誌的特定部分？

答案1

該grep命令旨在僅顯示給定文件的匹配行。透過使用-C選項，不僅可以顯示匹配的行，還可以顯示其之前和之後的一些行。

因此，要在您想要的行之前和之後添加 3 行：

$ grep -C 3 "26/Mar/2014:16:35:13 +0000" access.log

-A您也可以使用和選項更精確地調整匹配行之後和/或之前顯示的行數-B。其實-C 3是一樣的-A 3 -B 3。

如果有多個符合行，則會grep顯示符合行區塊之前和之後的 3 行。

例子：

$ grep -C 3 "25/Mar/2014:10:40:59 +0100" access.log
10.0.0.44 - httpuse [25/Mar/2014:09:41:17 +0100] "GET /dummy/BIGDummy_133644_1565_DL.xml.gz HTTP/1.1" 200 507 "-" "-"
10.0.0.43 - httpuse [25/Mar/2014:09:59:51 +0100] "GET /dummy/BIGDummy_133647_48267_DL.xml.gz HTTP/1.1" 200 1677 "-" "-"
10.0.0.44 - httpuse [25/Mar/2014:10:40:42 +0100] "GET /dummy/BIGDummy_133664_39603_DL.xml.gz HTTP/1.1" 200 1677 "-" "-"
10.0.0.40 - httpuse [25/Mar/2014:10:40:59 +0100] "GET /dummy/BIGDummy_133664_DL.xml.gz HTTP/1.1" 200 60142 "-" "-"
10.0.0.41 - httpuse [25/Mar/2014:10:40:59 +0100] "GET /dummy/BIGDummy_133667_23124_DL.xml.gz HTTP/1.1" 200 5202 "-" "-"
10.0.0.40 - httpuse [25/Mar/2014:10:43:09 +0100] "GET /dummy/BIGDummy_133668_46_DL.xml.gz HTTP/1.1" 200 445 "-" "-"
10.0.0.42 - httpuse [25/Mar/2014:10:43:10 +0100] "GET /dummy/BIGDummy_133668_4116_DL.xml.gz HTTP/1.1" 200 597 "-" "-"
10.0.0.40 - httpuse [25/Mar/2014:10:43:13 +0100] "GET /dummy/BIGDummy_133665_DL.xml.gz HTTP/1.1" 200 57902 "-" "-"

從man grep：

NAME
   grep, egrep, fgrep - print lines matching a pattern

SYNOPSIS
   grep [options] PATTERN [FILE...]

DESCRIPTION
   Grep  searches  the  named  input  FILEs (or standard input if no files are named,
    or the file name - is given) for lines containing a match to the given PATTERN.
   By default, grep prints the matching lines.

OPTIONS
    -A NUM, --after-context=NUM
            Print  NUM  lines  of  trailing context after matching lines.
            Places a line containing -- between contiguous groups of matches.

    -B NUM, --before-context=NUM
            Print NUM lines of leading context before matching lines.
            Places a line containing --  between  contiguous  groups  of matches.

    -C NUM, --context=NUM
            Print  NUM  lines  of  output  context.
            Places a line containing -- between contiguous groups of matches.

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