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CentOS分割區

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CentOS分割區

我有一台 CentOS 伺服器，有兩個 1 TB 磁碟。然而，它的分區很糟糕。請檢查以下內容：

[root@p16282558 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xd4f28eb2

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1         523     4194304   fd  Linux raid autodetect
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sdb2             523         784     2097152   82  Linux swap / Solaris
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sdb3             784      121602   970470104   fd  Linux raid autodetect
Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x724abfe3

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1               1         523     4194304   fd  Linux raid autodetect
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2             523         784     2097152   82  Linux swap / Solaris
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda3             784      121602   970470104   fd  Linux raid autodetect
Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Disk /dev/md3: 993.8 GB, 993761296384 bytes
2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 242617504 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/md1: 4294 MB, 4294901760 bytes
2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 1048560 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg00-usr: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg00-var: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg00-home: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

當我跑df：

[root@p16282558 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/md1              4.0G  4.0G     0 100% /
/dev/mapper/vg00-usr  4.0G  1.5G  2.4G  38% /usr
/dev/mapper/vg00-var  4.0G  880M  2.9G  23% /var
/dev/mapper/vg00-home
                      4.0G  136M  3.7G   4% /home
none                  7.9G  556K  7.9G   1% /tmp

/opt位於 之內/，且 中沒有剩餘空間/

我的/etc/fstab看起來像這樣：

/dev/md1        /               ext3    defaults        1 1
/dev/sda2   none            swap    sw
/dev/sdb2   none            swap    sw
/dev/vg00/usr   /usr            ext4    defaults        0 2
/dev/vg00/var   /var            ext4    defaults,usrquota   0 2
/dev/vg00/home  /home           ext4    defaults,usrquota   0 2
devpts          /dev/pts        devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
none            /proc           proc    defaults        0 0
none            /tmp    tmpfs   defaults        0 0

那麼有一個已滿的md1磁碟和一個未使用的磁碟/dev/md3（993.8 GB 可用空間）？

但，

[root@p16282558 ~]# df -h /dev/md3
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
-                     7.9G  204K  7.9G   1% /dev

這是否意味著/dev系統啟動時未安裝（根據 fstab）？

Output of vgdisplay:

--- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg00
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               925.51 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              236931
  Alloc PE / Size       3072 / 12.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       233859 / 913.51 GiB

我的問題是：/opt應該安裝在具有更多空間的磁碟/分割區中。如何重組磁碟以有效地利用所有磁碟空間？

答案1

根據vgdisplay輸出，您有超過 900GB 的未分配空間（Free PE值）。

由於您的根卷不是 LVM 卷，並且/opt目前駐留在 上/，因此您無法增加可用空間。
然而，您可以做的是為/opt.

這個過程會是這樣的：

# create a new 5gb logical volume
lvcreate -n opt -L 5G vg00

# format it as ext4
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg00/opt

# move the old dir out of the way
mv /opt /opt.orig

# mount the new logical volume
echo "/dev/vg00/opt /opt ext4 defaults 0 2" >> /etc/fstab
mkdir /opt
mount /opt

# move all data into the new mount
mv /opt.orig/* /opt
rmdir /opt.orig

LVM 確實允許調整磁碟區大小，因此將來如果您需要在 中添加更多空間/opt，您可以非常輕鬆地做到這一點。

答案2

如果您查看兩者的輸出vgs，vgdisplay您不會發現您有大約 913.51 GB 的可用 PE。這些是實體範圍，因此您的 LVM 磁碟區組 (VG) 沒有將這些實體範圍指派給任何內容。它們是自由空間。

Output of vgdisplay:

--- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg00
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               925.51 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              236931
  Alloc PE / Size       3072 / 12.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       233859 / 913.51 GiB

所以我得出的結論是，您需要分配這些物理範圍。擴展此 VG 中的邏輯磁碟區 (LV) 之一以指派所有可用空間的最簡單方法是使用下列命令，例如：

$ sudo lvextend -l+233859 /dev/vg00/home

+233859我們將 ( ) 的 PE加到LV 中/dev/vg00/home。

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