我們有 2 個網站透過 VPN 隧道連結在一起（Fortigate 60C 裝置）。在每個網站上，我都有幾個虛擬機器的 ESXi 伺服器。正常情況下，一切正常。
站點 1 (S1) 子網路為 192.168.254.0/24，電腦 A1、A2 在 ESXi1 上
站點 2 (S2) 子網路為 192.168.253.0/24，電腦 B1、B2 在 ESXi2 上
這些機器之間的所有 ping 操作都可以透過 VPN 隧道正常進行。
突然，S1-A1 無法再 ping S2-B1，但 S2-B1 仍然可以 ping S1-A1。
除 S1-A1 -> S2-B1 之外，所有電腦（VM 和 ESXi）上的所有 ping（使用 IP 位址）均有效。
Traceroute結果為：
S1-A1 -> S2-B1 -> 透過 Internet (??????)
S1-A1 -> S2-B2 -> 透過 VPN 隧道
S2-B2 -> S1-A1 -> 透過 VPN 隧道
S1 - A1 -> S2-ESXi2 -> 透過 VPN 隧道
機器 A1 是 Windows 2003 R2 - SP2。網路卡上綁定了5個IP位址。我嘗試停用和啟用網路卡，但網路管理停止回應。只有重新啟動才能解決問題。
route print沒有改變。網關相同，沒有到達 B2 的具體路由。
arp -a沒有顯示任何與 192.168.253.0/24 相關的內容。
我不明白為什麼 S1-A1 -> S2-ESXi2 可以工作，但 S1-A1 -> S2-B1 卻不能，因為 B2 (192.168.253.18) 正在 ESXi2 (192.168.253.23) 上運行。
網路介面的註冊表項
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\{0E114693-5FC8-4AA4-AB98-14CE43E24DE5}]
"UseZeroBroadcast"=dword:00000000
"EnableDeadGWDetect"=dword:00000001
"EnableDHCP"=dword:00000000
"IPAddress"=hex(7):31,00,39,00,32,00,2e,00,31,00,36,00,38,00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,\
34,00,2e,00,31,00,35,00,00,00,31,00,39,00,32,00,2e,00,31,00,36,00,38,00,2e,\
00,32,00,35,00,34,00,2e,00,31,00,32,00,00,00,31,00,39,00,32,00,2e,00,31,00,\
36,00,38,00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,34,00,2e,00,31,00,33,00,00,00,31,00,39,00,32,\
00,2e,00,31,00,36,00,38,00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,34,00,2e,00,31,00,35,00,31,00,\
00,00,31,00,39,00,32,00,2e,00,31,00,36,00,38,00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,34,00,2e,\
00,34,00,30,00,00,00,00,00
which is 192.168.254.15 192.168.254.12 192.168.254.13 192.168.254.151 192.168.254.40
"SubnetMask"=hex(7):32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,32,00,35,\
00,35,00,2e,00,30,00,00,00,32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,\
32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,30,00,00,00,32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,35,\
00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,30,00,00,00,32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,32,00,\
35,00,35,00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,30,00,00,00,32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,\
00,32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,35,00,2e,00,30,00,00,00,00,00
which is 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0
"DefaultGateway"=hex(7):31,00,39,00,32,00,2e,00,31,00,36,00,38,00,2e,00,32,00,\
35,00,34,00,2e,00,32,00,35,00,34,00,00,00,00,00
which is 192.168.254.254
"DefaultGatewayMetric"=hex(7):30,00,00,00,00,00
"NameServer"="192.168.254.254"
"Domain"=""
"RegistrationEnabled"=dword:00000001
"RegisterAdapterName"=dword:00000000
"TCPAllowedPorts"=hex(7):30,00,00,00,00,00
"UDPAllowedPorts"=hex(7):30,00,00,00,00,00
"RawIPAllowedProtocols"=hex(7):30,00,00,00,00,00
"NTEContextList"=hex(7):00,00
"DhcpClassIdBin"=hex:
"DhcpServer"="255.255.255.255"
"Lease"=dword:00000e10
"LeaseObtainedTime"=dword:51185713
"T1"=dword:51185e1b
"T2"=dword:51186361
"LeaseTerminatesTime"=dword:51186523
"IPAutoconfigurationAddress"="0.0.0.0"
"IPAutoconfigurationMask"="255.255.0.0"
"IPAutoconfigurationSeed"=dword:00000000
"AddressType"=dword:00000000
我排除了 Fortigates 作為問題的一部分，因為只需要重新啟動 A1。
2013-09-19 : 再次發出。似乎每次 Fortigate 之間的 VPN 斷線時都會發生這種情況。
HOCHELAGA_2 # get router info routing-table all
Codes: K - kernel, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP
O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [10/0] via 64.15.130.49, wan1
C 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, dmz
C 10.100.254.1/32 is directly connected, fat
C 10.100.254.2/32 is directly connected, fat
C 64.15.130.48/28 is directly connected, wan1
is directly connected, wan1
is directly connected, wan1
is directly connected, wan1
is directly connected, wan1
is directly connected, wan1
S 192.168.200.0/24 [10/0] via 10.100.254.2, fat
C 192.168.250.0/24 is directly connected, internal
S 192.168.252.0/24 [10/0] is directly connected, hoch st-bruno
S 192.168.253.0/24 [10/0] is directly connected, HOCH-KAN
C 192.168.254.0/24 is directly connected, internal
is directly connected, internal
is directly connected, internal
HOCHELAGA_2 # diagnose ip route list
tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.100.254.2/32 pref=10.100.254.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=11(fat)
tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->64.15.130.48/28 pref=64.15.130.56 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=3(wan1)
tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->169.254.0.64/26 pref=169.254.0.66 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=16(havdlink1)
tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.200.0/24 pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=10.100.254.2 dev=11(fat)
tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.250.0/24 pref=192.168.250.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=5(internal)
tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.10.10.0/24 pref=10.10.10.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(dmz)
tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.252.0/24 pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=9(hoch st-bruno)
tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.253.0/24 pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=10(HOCH-KAN)
tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.254.0/24 pref=192.168.254.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=5(internal)
tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->0.0.0.0/0 pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=64.15.130.49 dev=3(wan1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->64.15.130.63/32 pref=64.15.130.56 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=3(wan1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.255.255.255/32 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=7(root)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.10.10.1/32 pref=10.10.10.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(dmz)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.10.10.0/32 pref=10.10.10.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(dmz)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.100.254.1/32 pref=10.100.254.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=11(fat)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->64.15.130.59/32 pref=64.15.130.59 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=2(wan2)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.254.2/32 pref=192.168.254.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=5(internal)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->64.15.130.58/32 pref=64.15.130.56 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=3(wan1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->169.254.0.66/32 pref=169.254.0.66 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=16(havdlink1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.250.0/32 pref=192.168.250.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=5(internal)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.254.1/32 pref=192.168.254.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=5(internal)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->64.15.130.57/32 pref=64.15.130.56 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=3(wan1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.254.0/32 pref=192.168.254.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=5(internal)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->64.15.130.56/32 pref=64.15.130.56 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=3(wan1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->169.254.0.64/32 pref=169.254.0.66 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=16(havdlink1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->64.15.130.54/32 pref=64.15.130.56 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=3(wan1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->169.254.0.127/32 pref=169.254.0.66 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=16(havdlink1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->64.15.130.53/32 pref=64.15.130.56 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=3(wan1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->64.15.130.52/32 pref=64.15.130.56 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=3(wan1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.10.10.255/32 pref=10.10.10.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(dmz)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.0.0.0/32 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=7(root)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.254.254/32 pref=192.168.254.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=5(internal)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.250.255/32 pref=192.168.250.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=5(internal)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.0.0.1/32 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=7(root)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->64.15.130.48/32 pref=64.15.130.56 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=3(wan1)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.250.254/32 pref=192.168.250.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=5(internal)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.168.254.255/32 pref=192.168.254.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=5(internal)
tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.0.0.0/8 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=7(root)
在伺服器上 PING 成功
diagnose sniffer packet any "host 192.168.253.23" 4
23.232067 internal in 192.168.254.15 -> 192.168.253.23: icmp: echo request
23.232329 HOCH-KAN out 192.168.254.15 -> 192.168.253.23: icmp: echo request
23.248800 HOCH-KAN in 192.168.253.23 -> 192.168.254.15: icmp: echo reply
23.248932 internal out 192.168.253.23 -> 192.168.254.15: icmp: echo reply
伺服器上 PING 失敗
diagnose sniffer packet any "host 192.168.253.18" 4
8.212249 internal in 192.168.254.15 -> 192.168.253.18: icmp: echo request
8.212479 wan1 out 64.15.130.56 -> 192.168.253.18: icmp: echo request
10.508155 internal in 192.168.254.15.1113 -> 192.168.253.18.139: syn 1271941747
10.508436 wan1 out 64.15.130.56.42334 -> 192.168.253.18.139: syn 1271941747
11.706287 internal in 192.168.254.15.1112 -> 192.168.253.18.445: syn 341420858
11.706540 wan1 out 64.15.130.56.42332 -> 192.168.253.18.445: syn 341420858
為什麼同一個網路的伺服器走的路由不一樣？我不使用任何 RIP、OSPF、BGP 路由。無策略路由。只是 VPN 之間的靜態路由。沒有顯示 192.168.253.23 的動態路由，Fortigate 決定將其路由到 wan1 介面。
下次發生這種情況時我可以檢查一下嗎？
預先感謝
抱歉，如果不完全清楚，法語是我的母語
S。
答案1
我們終於找到原因了。這與 Fortigate ICMP 會話逾時問題有關。當 VPN 關閉時，ICMP 會話被標記為直接通過介面而不是 VPN 隧道。然而，當 VPN 恢復時，通過路徑的會話不會被修改，直到生存時間變為零。如果你一直 ping，那么生存時間永遠不可能為零。
答案2
為遠端子網路新增優先權較低的「黑洞」路由，以便封包不會走預設路由（介面）。相反，它會前往黑洞路線並在那裡降落。當隧道處於 UP 狀態時，它會恢復使用具有較高優先權的路由發送流量。