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grub 總是會啟動到 grub 命令列

tag-icon • tag-icon linux raid centos6 grub centos6.4
grub 總是會啟動到 grub 命令列

我有一台遠端 CentOS 6.4 伺服器（具有 KVM 存取權限），當我收到該伺服器時，它正在單一磁碟 (sda) 上執行 LVM

我設法刪除 LVM 並在 sda 和 sdb 磁碟中安裝 raid 1

鏡像工作正常，我現在唯一的問題是每次重新啟動伺服器時我都會收到 grub 命令行，並且我必須使用命令手動啟動

grub> 設定檔 (hd1,0)/grub/grub.conf

或者

grub> 設定檔 (hd0,0)/grub/grub.conf

然後它將正常啟動，不會出現任何錯誤。

知道如何讓它自動啟動嗎？

注意：每個磁碟（sda 和 sdb）都是 2TB 大小，這可能是問題所在嗎？

我的設定

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/md2              1.8T  1.1G  1.7T   1% /
tmpfs                  16G     0   16G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/md0              1.9G   69M  1.8G   4% /boot


 # cat /proc/mdstat 

 Personalities : [raid1] 
 md2 : active raid1 sda3[2] sdb3[0]
        1940882240 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]

 md1 : active raid1 sdb2[0] sda2[2]
       10482176 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]

 md0 : active raid1 sdb1[0] sda1[1]
       2008000 blocks [2/2] [UU]

  unused devices: <none>

# fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000b0530

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1         250     2008093+  83  Linux
/dev/sda2             251        1556    10490445   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3            1557      243201  1941013462+  fd  Linux raid autodetect


# fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xadb3bd62

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1   *           1         250     2008093+  fd  Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb2             251        1556    10490445   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sdb3            1557      243201  1941013462+  fd  Linux raid autodetect

# cat grub.conf 


# grub.conf generated by anaconda
#
# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file
# NOTICE:  You have a /boot partition.  This means that
#          all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg.
#          root (hd0,0)
#          kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_srv6953-lv_root
#          initrd /initrd-[generic-]version.img
#boot=/dev/sda
default=0
timeout=5
splashimage=(hd1,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
title CentOS (2.6.32-358.18.1.el6.x86_64)
    root (hd1,0)
    kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-358.18.1.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/md2 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet rd_retry=20
    initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-358.18.1.el6.x86_64.img
title CentOS (2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64)
    root (hd1,0)
    kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/md2  KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet
    initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64.img



# grub
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time.


    GNU GRUB  version 0.97  (640K lower / 3072K upper memory)

 [ Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported.  For the first word, TAB
   lists possible command completions.  Anywhere else TAB lists the possible
   completions of a device/filename.]
grub> root (hd0,0)
root (hd0,0)
 Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0xfd
grub> setup (hd0)
setup (hd0)
 Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes
 Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes
 Checking if "/boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5" exists... yes
 Running "embed /boot/grub/e2fs_stage1_5 (hd0)"...  27 sectors are embedded.
succeeded
 Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+27 p (hd0,0)/boot/grub/stage2 /boot/grub/grub.conf"... succeeded
Done.

答案1

您需要在伺服器硬碟設備上重新安裝 grub。若要了解設備位址，請在終端機中輸入

  sudo fdisk -l

這將在列表中列出磁碟及其磁碟區。記下需要安裝 grub 的設備。您設備的大小將為您提供提示。如果 /dev/sda 是需要安裝 grub 的設備，請前往終端並鍵入

 sudo grub-install /dev/sda

重新啟動伺服器並檢查問題是否已解決。

答案2

好的

我做了以下事情：

  1. 從 raid 中刪除 sda（使用 mdadm）
  2. 執行 dd (dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1000)
  3. 複製目前磁碟分割表（sfdisk -d /dev/sdb | sfdisk /dev/sda）
  4. 將磁碟加入 raid（使用 mdadm）
  5. 重新安裝grub（使用grub指令）
  6. 運行 grub-install /dev/sda
  7. 重啟

現在它可以工作了:)

我之前除了第2步之外都做了上述所有步驟，看來我需要用 dd 清除磁碟

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