USERVM我建立了一個自訂 ec2 ami 映像，並嘗試按照以下步驟使用 ec2 金鑰對身份驗證對使用者進行身份驗證。
- 阿米創作。
- ec2-運行實例 ...
- 使用 ec2-create-keypair 建立私鑰。
- 將私鑰儲存在 ~/.ssh/keypair.pem 下並提供權限。
- 使用下列方式連接 aws 實例
ssh -v -i ~/.ssh/keypair.pem [email protected]
對應的調試日誌：
OpenSSH_6.6.1, OpenSSL 1.0.1f 6 Jan 2014
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to ec2-52-23-236-90.compute-1.amazonaws.com [52.23.236.90] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/keypair_14_10_721pm.pem type -1
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/keypair_14_10_721pm.pem-cert type -1
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.6.1p1 Ubuntu-2ubuntu2
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-4+deb7u2
debug1: match: OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-4+deb7u2 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug1: sending SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ECDSA 12:6d:09:82:fd:4b:0d:1d:88:3d:2a:65:31:c0:ad:cd
The authenticity of host 'ec2-52-23-236-90.compute-1.amazonaws.com (52.23.236.90)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 12:6d:09:82:fd:4b:0d:1d:88:3d:2a:65:31:c0:ad:cd.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'ec2-52-23-236-90.compute-1.amazonaws.com,52.23.236.90' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
debug1: ssh_ecdsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: Roaming not allowed by server
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/keypair_14_10_721pm.pem
debug1: key_parse_private2: missing begin marker
debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
debug1: Next authentication method: password
[email protected]'s password:
debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).
Authenticated to ec2-52-23-236-90.compute-1.amazonaws.com
sshd_config如下：
# Package generated configuration file
# See the sshd(8) manpage for details
Protocol 2
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
UsePrivilegeSeparation yes
KeyRegenerationInterval 3600
ServerKeyBits 768
SyslogFacility AUTH
LogLevel INFO
LoginGraceTime 120
#PermitRootLogin yes
PermitRootLogin without-password
StrictModes no
RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
#AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys
IgnoreRhosts yes
RhostsRSAAuthentication no
HostbasedAuthentication no
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes
PermitEmptyPasswords no
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
#PasswordAuthentication yes
# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosGetAFSToken no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication no
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes
X11Forwarding yes
X11DisplayOffset 10
PrintMotd no
PrintLastLog yes
TCPKeepAlive yes
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*
Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server
UsePAM yes
UseDNS no
我遇到的問題 aws 實例在嘗試使用 user 登入時要求輸入密碼USERVM。使用者的公鑰USERVM在啟動時產生並放置在 aws 實例下/home/USERVM/.ssh/authorized_keys。然而，對於名為用戶的相同方法root可以正常工作，無需詢問密碼。感謝這裡的任何幫助。
編輯：使用者的權限USERVM是：
$ sudo ls -la /home/
total 36
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Oct 14 12:34 .
drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Oct 15 16:39 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 admin www-data 4096 Oct 14 12:34 admin
drwxr-xr-x 3 USERVM www-data 4096 Oct 15 16:42 USERVM
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Oct 14 12:38 lost+found
drwxrwsrwx 22 tuser www-data 4096 Oct 15 16:40 tuser
$ sudo ls -la /home/USERVM/
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 3 USERVM www-data 4096 Oct 15 16:42 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Oct 14 12:34 ..
-rw------- 1 USERVM www-data 105 Oct 15 16:42 .bash_history
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Oct 15 16:38 .ssh
$ sudo ls -la /home/USERVM/.ssh/
total 12
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Oct 15 16:38 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 USERVM www-data 4096 Oct 15 16:42 ..
-rw------- 1 root root 1203 Oct 15 16:39 authorized_keys
當嘗試為使用者使用相同的流程登入時admin，USERVM它會要求輸入密碼，但是root它無需詢問密碼即可運作。
答案1
我原以為這是常見的授權金鑰檔案權限問題，但它有細微的不同：所有權也必須是正確的，即文件必須由使用它們進行身份驗證的使用者擁有。
我認為群組所有權並不那麼重要，因為檔案和目錄不能是群組可寫的，但最好將它們設定為使用者的主要群組。
無論如何，當你做了之後，chown -R USERVM:www-data ~USERVM/.ssh問題就消失了。