我有反向散射的問題。垃圾郵件發送者將電子郵件發送到我的伺服器上託管的不存在的使用者名稱@現有網域。我正在嘗試中止會話，而不是將退回郵件發送回偽造的寄件者地址。我嘗試添加reject_unverified_recipient，但這似乎不起作用。
當我檢查 mailq 時，我可以看到許多卡住的「使用者不存在」退回電子郵件從 MAILER_DAEMON 發送到不存在的收件者。
這是我的 postconf -n
append_dot_mydomain = no
biff = no
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
config_directory = /etc/postfix
dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = ipv4
mailbox_size_limit = 0
message_size_limit = 102400000
milter_default_action = accept
milter_protocol = 2
mydestination = localhost
myhostname = domain.com
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8
non_smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:8891
readme_directory = no
recipient_delimiter = +
relay_domains =
relayhost =
resolve_numeric_domain = yes
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:8891
smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unverified_recipient, permit_auth_destination
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/domain.com.chain.crt
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/domain.com.crt
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/domain.com.key
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtpd_use_tls = yes
virtual_alias_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/sqlconf/virtual_alias_domains.cf
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/sqlconf/virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/sqlconf/mydestination.cf
virtual_transport = dovecot
這是master.cf文件
smtp inet n - - - - smtpd
-o content_filter=spamassassin
-o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks,no_unknown_recipient_checks,no_milters
smtps inet n - - - - smtpd
-o content_filter=checkhook
-o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
-o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
dovecot unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -f ${sender} -d ${recipient}
pickup unix n - - 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr unix n - n 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
relay unix - - - - - smtp
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}
spamassassin unix - n n - - pipe
user=spamfilter argv=/usr/bin/spamc -f -e /usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f ${sender} ${recipient}
checkhook unix - n n - - pipe
user=www-data argv=/etc/postfix/scripts/send ${sender} ${recipient}
以下是我嘗試傳送給無效的本機收件者時產生的一些日誌。
Jan 22 19:09:34 ip-12345 postfix/qmgr[19938]: CF96B20013B: from=<[email protected]>, size=249, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/pickup[19939]: 982D320013D: uid=5007 from=<[email protected]>
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/pipe[21485]: CF96B20013B: to=<[email protected]>, relay=spamassassin, delay=18, delays=16/0/0/1.2, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered via spamassassin service)
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/qmgr[19938]: CF96B20013B: removed
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/cleanup[21477]: 982D320013D: message-id=<[email protected]>
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/qmgr[19938]: 982D320013D: from=<[email protected]>, size=1333, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 dovecot: auth: Debug: master in: USER#0111#[email protected]#011service=lda
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 dovecot: auth-worker(14636): Debug: sql([email protected]): SELECT '/var/vmail/[email protected]' as home, 'vmail' as uid, 'vmail' as gid, concat('*:storage=', quota_kb) AS quota_rule, concat('*:messages=', quota_msg) AS quota_rule2 FROM users WHERE username = 'nonexistentx' AND domain = 'localdomain.com' and active=1
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 dovecot: auth-worker(14636): sql([email protected]): unknown user
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 dovecot: auth: Debug: userdb out: NOTFOUND#0111
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/pipe[21400]: 982D320013D: to=<[email protected]>, relay=dovecot, delay=0.07, delays=0.05/0/0/0.02, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (user unknown)
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/cleanup[21396]: A8B0720013C: message-id=<[email protected]>
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/bounce[21474]: 982D320013D: sender non-delivery notification: A8B0720013C
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/qmgr[19938]: A8B0720013C: from=<>, size=3394, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/qmgr[19938]: 982D320013D: removed
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/smtp[21496]: A8B0720013C: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=0.03, delays=0/0.01/0.02/0, dsn=5.4.4, status=bounced (Host or domain name not found. Name service error for name=sender.ocm type=A: Host not found)
Jan 22 19:09:35 ip-12345 postfix/qmgr[19938]: A8B0720013C: removed
答案1
也許您可以從以下位置查看解決方案Postfix 反向散射指南。
如果您確實想擺脫持久的反向散射/垃圾郵件發送者，您可能需要實施失敗2禁止政策結合後螢幕。僅 Postscreen 就可以消除幾乎所有的垃圾郵件發送者，並且佔用的資源最少，並且非常容易實現，因為它已經是 postfix 的一部分。
答案2
您可以在 master.cf 中停用反彈
bounce unix - - - - 0 discard
或配置 spf 檢查（perl 和 python 或 amavis/spamassassin 中有模組）來丟棄未通過 spf 檢查的郵件，並且不會為非法來源生成退回郵件，但仍然能夠通知合法郵件來源（完整配額、郵件大小超出限制、不再有人關注的舊地址等）