假設我在 Azure 中設定了一個執行 Windows Server 2016 標準 Azure 映像的虛擬機器。
如果不在虛擬機器上安裝任何內容，如何使用 PowerShell 從虛擬機器內部擷取目前虛擬機器的詳細資訊？
我想檢索的一些屬性是：
- 虛擬機器名稱
- 虛擬機器IP位址
- 訂閱ID
- 虛擬機器位置
我相信這是可能的，因為 Azure 中的 Windows 桌面映像會自動顯示上述大部分資訊。那麼如何透過 PowerShell 以程式設計方式取得這些資訊呢？
（和往常一樣，微軟文件辜負了他們毫無價值的聲譽）
任何幫助將不勝感激。
答案1
我建議你使用Azure 執行個體元資料服務
Invoke-RestMethod -Headers @{"Metadata"="true"} -Method GET -NoProxy -Uri http://169.254.169.254/metadata/instance?api-version=2020-09-01 | ConvertTo-Json
{
"compute": {
"azEnvironment": "AZUREPUBLICCLOUD",
"isHostCompatibilityLayerVm": "true",
"licenseType": "Windows_Client",
"location": "westus",
"name": "examplevmname",
"offer": "Windows",
"osProfile": {
"adminUsername": "admin",
"computerName": "examplevmname",
"disablePasswordAuthentication": "true"
},
"osType": "linux",
"placementGroupId": "f67c14ab-e92c-408c-ae2d-da15866ec79a",
"plan": {
"name": "planName",
"product": "planProduct",
"publisher": "planPublisher"
},
"platformFaultDomain": "36",
"platformUpdateDomain": "42",
"publicKeys": [{
"keyData": "ssh-rsa 0",
"path": "/home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys0"
},
{
"keyData": "ssh-rsa 1",
"path": "/home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys1"
}
],
"publisher": "RDFE-Test-Microsoft-Windows-Server-Group",
"resourceGroupName": "macikgo-test-may-23",
"resourceId": "/subscriptions/xxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/macikgo-test-may-23/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/examplevmname",
"securityProfile": {
"secureBootEnabled": "true",
"virtualTpmEnabled": "false"
},
"sku": "Windows-Server-2012-R2-Datacenter",
"storageProfile": {
"dataDisks": [{
"caching": "None",
"createOption": "Empty",
"diskSizeGB": "1024",
"image": {
"uri": ""
},
"lun": "0",
"managedDisk": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/macikgo-test-may-23/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/exampledatadiskname",
"storageAccountType": "Standard_LRS"
},
"name": "exampledatadiskname",
"vhd": {
"uri": ""
},
"writeAcceleratorEnabled": "false"
}],
"imageReference": {
"id": "",
"offer": "UbuntuServer",
"publisher": "Canonical",
"sku": "16.04.0-LTS",
"version": "latest"
},
"osDisk": {
"caching": "ReadWrite",
"createOption": "FromImage",
"diskSizeGB": "30",
"diffDiskSettings": {
"option": "Local"
},
"encryptionSettings": {
"enabled": "false"
},
"image": {
"uri": ""
},
"managedDisk": {
"id": "/subscriptions/xxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx/resourceGroups/macikgo-test-may-23/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/exampleosdiskname",
"storageAccountType": "Standard_LRS"
},
"name": "exampleosdiskname",
"osType": "Linux",
"vhd": {
"uri": ""
},
"writeAcceleratorEnabled": "false"
}
},
"subscriptionId": "xxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxx",
"tags": "baz:bash;foo:bar",
"version": "15.05.22",
"vmId": "02aab8a4-74ef-476e-8182-f6d2ba4166a6",
"vmScaleSetName": "crpteste9vflji9",
"vmSize": "Standard_A3",
"zone": ""
},
"network": {
"interface": [{
"ipv4": {
"ipAddress": [{
"privateIpAddress": "10.144.133.132",
"publicIpAddress": ""
}],
"subnet": [{
"address": "10.144.133.128",
"prefix": "26"
}]
},
"ipv6": {
"ipAddress": [
]
},
"macAddress": "0011AAFFBB22"
}]
}
}
或者資源圖
Search-AzGraph -Query "Resources | where type =~ 'Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines' | limit 1" | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 100
[
{
"id": "/subscriptions/<subscriptionId>/resourceGroups/MyResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/ContosoVM1",
"kind": "",
"location": "westus2",
"managedBy": "",
"name": "ContosoVM1",
"plan": {},
"properties": {
"hardwareProfile": {
"vmSize": "Standard_B2s"
},
"networkProfile": {
"networkInterfaces": [
{
"id": "/subscriptions/<subscriptionId>/MyResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces/contosovm1535",
"resourceGroup": "MyResourceGroup"
}
]
},
"osProfile": {
"adminUsername": "localAdmin",
"computerName": "ContosoVM1",
"secrets": [],
"windowsConfiguration": {
"enableAutomaticUpdates": true,
"provisionVMAgent": true
}
},
"provisioningState": "Succeeded",
"storageProfile": {
"dataDisks": [],
"imageReference": {
"offer": "WindowsServer",
"publisher": "MicrosoftWindowsServer",
"sku": "2016-Datacenter",
"version": "latest"
},
"osDisk": {
"caching": "ReadWrite",
"createOption": "FromImage",
"diskSizeGB": 127,
"managedDisk": {
"id": "/subscriptions/<subscriptionId>/resourceGroups/MyResourceGroup/providers/Microsoft.Compute/disks/ContosoVM1_OsDisk_1_9676b7e1b3c44e2cb672338ebe6f5166",
"resourceGroup": "MyResourceGroup",
"storageAccountType": "Premium_LRS"
},
"name": "ContosoVM1_OsDisk_1_9676b7e1b3c44e2cb672338ebe6f5166",
"osType": "Windows"
}
},
"vmId": "bbb9b451-6dc7-4117-bec5-c971eb1118c6"
},
"resourceGroup": "MyResourceGroup",
"sku": {},
"subscriptionId": "<subscriptionId>",
"tags": {},
"type": "microsoft.compute/virtualmachines"
}
]
使用 Run Command 在 Windows VM 中執行 PowerShell 腳本，更多詳細資訊請參閱此處
az vm run-command invoke --command-id RunPowerShellScript --name win-vm -g my-resource-group \
--scripts @script.ps1 --parameters "arg1=somefoo" "arg2=somebar"