iperf3測試頻寬:TCP比UDP慢很多

iperf3測試頻寬:TCP比UDP慢很多

我試圖找出為什麼我的一台用於文件服務的伺服器透過 nginx 以非常慢的速度(大約 7 Mbits/sec)發送文件。

我一直在使用 iperf3 來測試伺服器之間的傳輸速率,兩者都在 Debian 11 上。

  • 法語服務:$ iperf3 -s
  • CanadianServ : $ iperf3 -c 195.154.xxx.xxx -P 1 -t 10 -b 1G// 嘗試使用 1 個連接在 10 秒內發送 1GB 數據

透過 TCP 進行的測試給出以下結果:

Connecting to host 195.154.xxx.xxx, port 5201
[  5] local 142.44.xxx.xxx port 60610 connected to 195.154.xxx.xxx port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  1.04 MBytes  8.69 Mbits/sec    0    125 KBytes       
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   768 KBytes  6.29 Mbits/sec    0    125 KBytes       
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   768 KBytes  6.29 Mbits/sec    0    125 KBytes       
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   640 KBytes  5.24 Mbits/sec    0    125 KBytes       
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   768 KBytes  6.29 Mbits/sec    0    125 KBytes       
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   768 KBytes  6.29 Mbits/sec    0    125 KBytes       
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   768 KBytes  6.29 Mbits/sec    0    125 KBytes       
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   640 KBytes  5.24 Mbits/sec    0    125 KBytes       
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   768 KBytes  6.29 Mbits/sec    0    125 KBytes       
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   768 KBytes  6.29 Mbits/sec    0    125 KBytes       
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  7.54 MBytes  6.32 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.09  sec  7.08 MBytes  5.89 Mbits/sec                  receiver

iperf Done.

它非常慢,我可能會堆疊連接以獲得更快的頻寬,但想保留 1 個連接。

現在透過 UDP 進行測試。

  • 加拿大服務:$ iperf3 -c 195.154.xxx.xxx -P 1 -t 10 -b 1G -u

這輸出:

Connecting to host 195.154.xxx.xxx, port 5201
[  5] local 142.44.xxx.xxx port 37350 connected to 195.154.xxx.xxx port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Total Datagrams
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   113 MBytes   950 Mbits/sec  81331  
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   114 MBytes   955 Mbits/sec  81773  
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   114 MBytes   956 Mbits/sec  81887  
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   114 MBytes   957 Mbits/sec  81904  
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   114 MBytes   956 Mbits/sec  81862  
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   114 MBytes   957 Mbits/sec  81913  
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   114 MBytes   957 Mbits/sec  81909  
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   114 MBytes   957 Mbits/sec  81915  
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   114 MBytes   956 Mbits/sec  81880  
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   114 MBytes   957 Mbits/sec  81904  
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.11 GBytes   956 Mbits/sec  0.000 ms  0/818278 (0%)  sender
[  5]   0.00-10.41  sec   600 MBytes   484 Mbits/sec  0.029 ms  387089/818278 (47%)  receiver

iperf Done.

UDP 實際頻寬最高約為 500 Mbits/sec,考慮到兩個伺服器的網路接口,這完全沒問題。

如何讓 TCP 傳輸使用更多頻寬?我在本機上嘗試過,TCP 傳輸速度約為 30 Mbits/sec。

答案1

在伺服器設定中找到了解決方案,並按照標準 Apache 配置的建議停用了 TCP 視窗(此處描述

$ vi /etc/sysctl.conf

# Set this value and save
net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1

# check with
$ sysctl -p

現在我們需要調整 TCP 視窗值,如所解釋的這裡或者這裡

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