我安裝了它Microstack，並試圖Openstack透過在網路上找到的糟糕文件來了解它的操作。我嘗試訪問一些已啟動的虛擬機，但沒有成功。已經Microstack創建了以下兩個網路：
microstack.openstack network list
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Subnets |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+
| 750286d8-2801-4dd3-85d8-85b0e4219b46 | test | fbe5a4e4-34c7-4b39-a4e5-a447431d78dc |
| e9d9520f-3ad7-4f96-bff5-060beb1c0161 | external | 3041f82a-9be5-4f47-84a4-6229e5eb60cb |
下面，我列出了用於啟動虛擬機器的安全群組：
microstack.openstack security group show 3c69498c-c210-48c8-ba43-fbf60a0c224e
+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| created_at | 2020-08-14T17:54:45Z |
| description | Default security group |
| id | 3c69498c-c210-48c8-ba43-fbf60a0c224e |
| location | Munch({'cloud': '', 'region_name': '', 'zone': None, 'project': Munch({'id': '37f73779b3cd42dc96044ea0fd6d1e98', 'name': 'admin', 'domain_id': None, 'domain_name': 'default'})}) |
| name | default |
| project_id | 37f73779b3cd42dc96044ea0fd6d1e98 |
| revision_number | 3 |
| rules | created_at='2020-08-14T17:54:45Z', direction='egress', ethertype='IPv6', id='1e5c2fed-7c7a-4dd4-9e11-c87d0de012ee', updated_at='2020-08-14T17:54:45Z' |
| | created_at='2020-08-14T17:54:45Z', direction='ingress', ethertype='IPv4', id='36394ec6-0f35-4b26-9788-61bf76a08088', remote_group_id='3c69498c-c210-48c8-ba43-fbf60a0c224e', updated_at='2020-08-14T17:54:45Z' |
| | created_at='2020-08-14T17:54:45Z', direction='ingress', ethertype='IPv6', id='48986d96-ec57-4f49-aee8-6e1c68e273b1', remote_group_id='3c69498c-c210-48c8-ba43-fbf60a0c224e', updated_at='2020-08-14T17:54:45Z' |
| | created_at='2020-08-14T17:56:16Z', direction='ingress', ethertype='IPv4', id='58816267-8df8-4a89-a9c5-31986a441365', port_range_max='22', port_range_min='22', protocol='tcp', remote_ip_prefix='0.0.0.0/0', updated_at='2020-08-14T17:56:16Z' |
| | created_at='2020-08-14T17:54:45Z', direction='egress', ethertype='IPv4', id='c75e9aa8-84f3-4d05-9d33-0da7892f7a07', updated_at='2020-08-14T17:54:45Z' |
| | created_at='2020-08-14T17:56:14Z', direction='ingress', ethertype='IPv4', id='d029b66c-219e-488d-93af-1f87a9d8b006', protocol='icmp', remote_ip_prefix='0.0.0.0/0', updated_at='2020-08-14T17:56:14Z' |
| tags | [] |
| updated_at | 2020-08-14T17:56:16Z |
+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
我已經啟動了兩個Ubuntu具有可用網路（test和external）的虛擬機，如下所示：
microstack.openstack server list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------+
| 4bd80f7c-8c16-4b15-9973-887f0f2517ff | test1 | ACTIVE | external=10.20.20.197 | ubuntu_1804 | m1.medium |
| ca2e690e-e679-4fd7-a507-07f12bcf1c5e | test2 | ACTIVE | test=192.168.222.141 | ubuntu_1804 | m1.medium |
這是用於啟動虛擬機器的命令：
microstack.openstack server create --flavor m1.medium --image ubuntu_1804 \
--nic net-id=e9d9520f-3ad7-4f96-bff5-060beb1c0161 --key-name mykey \
--security-group 3c69498c-c210-48c8-ba43-fbf60a0c224e test1
然後，當我嘗試存取兩個已啟動的虛擬機器時，我得到Destination Host Unreachable：
ping 10.20.20.197
PING 10.20.20.197 (10.20.20.197) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 10.20.20.1 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
ping 192.168.222.141
PING 192.168.222.141 (192.168.222.141) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 192.168.131.133 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
誰能解釋一下我錯過了什麼嗎？
答案1
現在我對Openstack有了一些了解，我認為問題是缺少浮動IP。下面，我列出了將浮動 IP 關聯到虛擬機器所需的步驟，並可能解決該問題。
external為您的網路建立浮動IP ：microstack.openstack floating ip create external建立一個路由器來通訊兩個網路（內部和外部）：
microstack.openstack router create router1將網路加入
external路由器：microstack.openstack router set router1 --external-gateway external將您的私人子網路新增至路由器（假設您的子網路 ID 是
f16b8b8c-482e-4cf5-a5d6-74e284b7e0f1）：microstack.openstack router add subnet router1 f16b8b8c-482e-4cf5-a5d6-74e284b7e0f1將浮動 IP 關聯到您的虛擬機器（假設已建立的 IP 為
10.20.20.92）：microstack.openstack server add floating ip server_micro 10.20.20.92
現在您應該能夠存取ping虛擬機器並通過ssh.