我在執行 Ubuntu 21.10 伺服器的 Raspberry Pi Zero W 2 上安裝並設定了 WiFi。我跑了apt update然後apt upgrade輸出如下。這是一個全新的主機板和全新的安裝，所以我根本不確定會發生什麼。
sudo apt upgrade:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
5 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.140ubuntu6) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up linux-firmware (1.201.1) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1008-raspi
Killed
E: mkinitramfs failure zstd -q -19 -T0 137
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1008-raspi with 1.
dpkg: error processing package linux-firmware (--configure):installed linux-firmware package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-raspi:
linux-image-raspi depends on linux-firmware; however:
Package linux-firmware is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-raspi (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Setting up linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi (5.13.0-1011.13) ...
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-raspi:
linux-raspi depends on linux-image-raspi (= 5.13.0.1011.17); however:
Package linux-image-raspi is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package linux-raspi (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.140ubuntu6) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1008-raspi
Killed
E: mkinitramfs failure zstd -q -19 -T0 137
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1008-raspi with 1.
dpkg: error processing package initramfs-tools (--configure):
installed initramfs-tools package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Processing triggers for linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi (5.13.0-1011.13) ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1011-raspi
Killed
E: mkinitramfs failure zstd -q -19 -T0 137
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-1011-raspi with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi (--configure):
installed linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-firmware
linux-image-raspi
linux-raspi
initramfs-tools
linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
needrestart is being skipped since dpkg has failed
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
答案1
我在使用 64 位元 Ubuntu Server 21.10 的 Pi Zero 2 上也遇到了同樣的問題。除非啟用了交換文件，否則更新過程可能會耗盡記憶體。
交換文件創建範例 -
sudo fallocate -l 1G /swapfile
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
sudo mkswap /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile
echo "/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
參考：https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-add-swap-space-on-ubuntu-20-04/
答案2
您的系統搞砸了，我懷疑它是全新安裝，因為這個問題不應該出現在全新安裝上，無論如何，我建議重新安裝作為首選，但如果您不能，那麼這裡有一個答案可能會幫助您擺脫這些錯誤。
筆記
- 我是每個解後面加“*”這很可能會起作用。
簡短回答*
簡單刪除並重新安裝軟體包：-
您可以透過以下方式刪除軟體包：-
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-firmware
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-image-raspi
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-raspi
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq initramfs-tools
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
$ sudo apt-get -f install
然後重新安裝它們
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware linux-image-raspi linux-raspi initramfs-tools linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
先進的解決方案：-
使用強制安裝。 *
一般來說，使用apt -f install作品！
跑步：
sudo apt -f install
如果錯誤已修復，那麼恭喜，但如果沒有修復，則繼續。
提前一點*
您可能需要清除快取檔案來apt解決此問題。一般來說，它不會以任何方式損害您的作業系統。
你可以運行
sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb
更有可能的是，它會修復錯誤！如果沒有，則繼續。
另一個解決方案。
你也可以嘗試這個——
sudo -E apt-get install aptitude
sudo -E aptitude safe-upgrade
sudo -E aptitude dist-upgrade
在那之後
mkdir ~/debs
cd ~/debs
ls
sudo apt download linux-firmware linux-image-raspi linux-raspi initramfs-tools linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
sudo dpkg -i --force-all ./*.deb
刪除並重新安裝軟體包。
您可以透過以下方式刪除軟體包：-
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-firmware
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-image-raspi
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-raspi
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq initramfs-tools
$ sudo dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
$ sudo apt-get -f install
然後重新安裝它們
sudo apt-get install linux-firmware linux-image-raspi linux-raspi initramfs-tools linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi
最後一個選項 *
作為最後一個選擇，您可以嘗試刪除錯誤包的安裝後檔案。這不會解決錯誤，但您的系統會忽略這些錯誤。
cd /var/lib/dpkg/info/
mkdir ~/backup
mv linux-firmware ~/backup
mv linux-image-raspi ~/backup
mv linux-raspi ~/backup
mv initramfs-tools ~/backup
mv linux-image-5.13.0-1011-raspi ~/backup
sudo apt -f install
有效嗎？
如果它不起作用，那就沒有運氣了。如果這些命令不起作用，那麼您的系統比以前更混亂。正如您所說，這是全新安裝，因此只需重新安裝 ubuntu 即可。