如何將文件中的行號與並排差異輸出結果檔關聯?

如何將文件中的行號與並排差異輸出結果檔關聯?

我的場景是:

首先使用以下命令並排產生diff兩個檔案:

diff -y --supress-common-lines file1.txt file2.txt > DiffResult.txt

輸出DiffResult.txt

   file1.txt             file2.txt
This is line A    |   This is line B
This is line C    |   This is line D

現在讓我們說一下這條線

This is line A

This is line B

分別位於file1.txt和 的第 5 行file2.txt。然後我應該能夠將適當的行號與其關聯起來,如下所示:

期望的輸出DiffResult.txt

      file1.txt                file2.txt
5   This is line A    |  5   This is line B
7   This is line C    |  7   This is line D

我採用這種方法的原因是,如果我在 之前產生行號diff,那麼即使對於小的空白更改,diff由於與行關聯的行號,也會顯示出差異。

有人有好主意嗎?我認為這是 StackExchange 中提出的最棘手的問題,我相信:D

答案1

該問題可以透過過濾 的輸出來解決diff。這個範例對我有用(儘管 diff 輸出的左側/右側之間的裝訂線的位置和大小可能是實作之間不同的細節):

#!/bin/sh
# $Id: diff-two-column,v 1.2 2016/09/26 20:38:32 tom Exp $
# see http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/312025/how-to-associate-line-number-from-a-file-to-the-side-by-side-diff-output-result

usage() {
    cat >&2 <<EOF
usage: $0 file1 file2
EOF
    exit 1
}

[ $# = 2 ] || usage
[ -f "$1" ] || usage
[ -f "$2" ] || usage

width=${COLUMNS:-80}
check=$(stty size|cut -d' ' -f2)
[ -n "$check" ] && width=$check

diff -W $width -y "$1" "$2" | \
expand | \
awk -v width=$width '
BEGIN {
    L=0;
    R=0;
    gutter = width / 2;
    half = gutter - 2;
}
{
    textL = substr($0, 1, half - 1);
    sub("[ ]+$", "", textL);  # trim trailing blanks

    # The script relies on correctly extracting textM, the gutter:
    # if lines differ,    textM is " ! "
    # if line inserted,   textM is " > "
    # if line deleted,    textM is " < "
    # if lines unchanged, textM is "   "
    textM = substr($0, gutter - 2, 3);

    textR = ( length($0) > gutter ) ? substr($0, gutter+1, half) : "";

    if ( textM != " > " ) {
         L++;
    }
    if ( textM != " < " ) {
         R++;
    }

    if ( textL != textR ) {
        # printf "SHOW %s\n", $0;
        # printf "gap \"%s\"\n", textM;
        # printf "<<< \"%s\"\n", textL;
        # printf ">>> \"%s\"\n", textR;
        if ( textL == "" ) {
            printf "%5s %-*s %-3s %5d %s\n",
                " ", half, textL,
                textM,
                R, textR;
        } else if ( textR == "" ) {
            printf "%5d %-*s %-3s %5s %s\n",
                L, half, textL,
                textM,
                " ", textR;
        } else {
            printf "%5d %-*s %-3s %5d %s\n",
                L, half, textL,
                textM,
                R, textR;
        }
    } else {
        # printf "SKIP %s\n", $0;
    }
}
'

您無法新增行號 diff,因為如果有插入或刪除,從該點開始的行號將不匹配,從而使差異沒有用處。我的腳本計算 awk 腳本中差異的左側/右側的行號:

  • 它首先根據終端的寬度決定差異的寬度。
  • 有(在我測試過的 GNU diff 3.2 中)排水溝(未使用的空間)位於並排差異的中間。從 80 列終端機開始,我確定了一種計算裝訂線位置的方法。
  • 初始化後,腳本從每一行(在 中awk,這是$0)提取左 ( textL) 和右 ( textR) 字串,並測試它們是否為空(如果存在插入/刪除,則會發生這種情況)。
  • 如果左/右行不同,腳本將重建輸出diff,但添加行號。

鑑於左邊這個

1
2
3
4
This is line A
6
This is line C
123456789.123456789.123456789.123456789.123456789.

yyy

右邊這個

1
2
3
4
This is line B
6
This is line D
abcdefghi.abcdefghi.abcdefghi.abcdefghi.abcdefghi.
xxx

(左邊 10 行,右邊 9 行),該腳本生成

    5 This is line A                          |      5 This is line B
    7 This is line C                          |      7 This is line D
    8 123456789.123456789.123456789.1234567   |      8 abcdefghi.abcdefghi.abcdefghi.abcdefg
                                              |      9 xxx
   10 yyy                                     <        

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