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Warum bleibt unten in meinem Diagramm ein Leerraum übrig?

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf standalone
Warum bleibt unten in meinem Diagramm ein Leerraum übrig?

Ich habe diesen Code:

\documentclass[tikz}]{standalone}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,positioning,fit,calc,decorations,decorations.text,}
\begin{document}
\sffamily
\begin{tikzpicture}[
        white,
        ultra thick,
        planet/.style = {draw,fill,circle,inner sep=#1},
        circle label/.style = {
            postaction={
                decoration={
                    text along path,
                    text = {#1},
                    text align=center,
                    text color=white,
                    reverse path,
                },
            decorate,
        }
        }
    ]
    \filldraw[black] (-15,-3) rectangle (15,15);
    \node[rectangle, ] at (0, 13) {\color{white} \fontsize{25}{58}\selectfont LES {\'E}TOILES LES PLUS PROCHES DU SOLEIL};
    \path[circle label={Nuage d'Oort}] (0,-1.2) arc (-90:360-90:1.3);
    \draw[dotted] (0,0) circle (1.18596338615);

        \foreach \i in {3,6,9} {
            \path[circle label={\i\ ANN{\'E}S LUMI{\`E}RES}] (0,-\i-.2) arc (-90:360-90:\i+.2);
    }
    \draw (0,0) circle (3);
    \draw ([shift=(-30:6cm)]0,0) arc (-30:210:6cm);
    \draw ([shift=(-19.47:9cm)]0,0) arc (-19.47:199.47:9cm);

    \node[yellow,planet=3pt,label={Soleil}] at (0,0) {};

    \node(proxima)[red,planet=3pt] at (44:6.363) {};
     \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of proxima] {Proxima Centauri.\newline(distance 1917)};

    \node[yellow,planet=4pt,label={[text width=2.5cm,align=center]Alpha Centauri.\ (distanse 1917)}] at (50:6.54735) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt] at (54:9.75) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt, label={[text width=2.7cm,align=center]WISE 1049-5319.\ (distanse 2013)}] at (57:9.75) {};

    \node(bernard)[red,planet=3pt] at (130:8.94435) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, left = 0.05 of bernard] {{É}toile de Barnard.\ (distanse 1916)};

    \node(wise)[red,planet=3pt] at (110:10.7625) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of wise] {WISE 0855–0714.\newline(distanse 2014)};

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Und ich bekomme Folgendes:

Bildbeschreibung hier eingeben

Das Problem ist der weiße Raum unter meiner Abbildung. Ich dachte, dass standalonenur die Abbildung eingeschlossen ist. Wie entferne ich diesen weißen Raum?

Antwort1

In diesen Zeilen liegt Ihr Problem.

\foreach \i in {3,6,9} {
    \path[circle label={\i\ ANN{\'E}S LUMI{\`E}RES}] (0,-\i-.2) arc (-90:360-90:\i+.2);
}

Aus diesem Grund wird der Begrenzungsrahmen nach unten erweitert.

Bildbeschreibung hier eingeben

Ändern Sie diese Zeilen in

    \foreach \i in {3,6,9} {
        \path[circle label={\i\ ANN{\'E}S LUMI{\`E}RES}] (\i+0.2,0) arc (0:180:\i+.2);
}

Bildbeschreibung hier eingeben

Vollständiger Code:

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,positioning,fit,calc,decorations,decorations.text}
\begin{document}
\sffamily
\begin{tikzpicture}[
        white,
        ultra thick,
        planet/.style = {draw,fill,circle,inner sep=#1},
        circle label/.style = {
            postaction={
                decoration={
                    text along path,
                    text = {#1},
                    text align=center,
                    text color=white,
                    reverse path,
                },
            decorate,
        }
        }
    ]
    \filldraw[black] (-15,-3) rectangle (15,15);
    \node[rectangle,text=white,font=\fontsize{25}{58}\selectfont ] at (0, 13) {LES {\'E}TOILES LES PLUS PROCHES DU SOLEIL};
    \path[circle label={Nuage d'Oort}] (0,-1.2) arc (-90:360-90:1.3);
    \draw[dotted] (0,0) circle (1.18596338615);

        \foreach \i in {3,6,9} {
            \path[circle label={\i\ ANN{\'E}S LUMI{\`E}RES}] (\i+0.2,0) arc (0:180:\i+.2);
    }
    \draw (0,0) circle (3);
    \draw ([shift=(-30:6cm)]0,0) arc (-30:210:6cm);
    \draw ([shift=(-19.47:9cm)]0,0) arc (-19.47:199.47:9cm);

    \node[yellow,planet=3pt,label={Soleil}] at (0,0) {};

    \node(proxima)[red,planet=3pt] at (44:6.363) {};
     \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of proxima] {Proxima Centauri.\newline(distance 1917)};

    \node[yellow,planet=4pt,label={[text width=2.5cm,align=center]Alpha Centauri.\ (distanse 1917)}] at (50:6.54735) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt] at (54:9.75) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt, label={[text width=2.7cm,align=center]WISE 1049-5319.\ (distanse 2013)}] at (57:9.75) {};

    \node(bernard)[red,planet=3pt] at (130:8.94435) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, left = 0.05 of bernard] {{É}toile de Barnard.\ (distanse 1916)};

    \node(wise)[red,planet=3pt] at (110:10.7625) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of wise] {WISE 0855–0714.\newline(distanse 2014)};
%\draw[thick,red] (current bounding box.south west) rectangle (current bounding box.north east);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Antwort2

Sie können auf das Rechteck zuschneiden, das Sie als Hintergrund verwenden:

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[frenchb]{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,positioning,fit,calc,decorations,decorations.text,}
\begin{document}
\sffamily
\begin{tikzpicture}[
        white,
        ultra thick,
        planet/.style = {draw,fill,circle,inner sep=#1},
        circle label/.style = {
            postaction={
                decoration={
                    text along path,
                    text = {#1},
                    text align=center,
                    text color=white,
                    reverse path,
                },
            decorate,
        }
        }
    ]
    \clip (-15,-3) rectangle (15,15);
    \filldraw[black] (-15,-3) rectangle (15,15);
    \node[rectangle, ] at (0, 13) {\color{white} \fontsize{25}{58}\selectfont LES {\'E}TOILES LES PLUS PROCHES DU SOLEIL};
    \path[circle label={Nuage d'Oort}] (0,-1.2) arc (-90:360-90:1.3);
    \draw[dotted] (0,0) circle (1.18596338615);

        \foreach \i in {3,6,9} {
            \path[circle label={\i\ ANN{\'E}S LUMI{\`E}RES}] (0,-\i-.2) arc (-90:360-90:\i+.2);
    }
    \draw (0,0) circle (3);
    \draw ([shift=(-30:6cm)]0,0) arc (-30:210:6cm);
    \draw ([shift=(-19.47:9cm)]0,0) arc (-19.47:199.47:9cm);

    \node[yellow,planet=3pt,label={Soleil}] at (0,0) {};

    \node(proxima)[red,planet=3pt] at (44:6.363) {};
     \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of proxima] {Proxima Centauri.\newline(distance 1917)};

    \node[yellow,planet=4pt,label={[text width=2.5cm,align=center]Alpha Centauri.\ (distanse 1917)}] at (50:6.54735) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt] at (54:9.75) {};

    \node[red!50!black,planet=2pt, label={[text width=2.7cm,align=center]WISE 1049-5319.\ (distanse 2013)}] at (57:9.75) {};

    \node(bernard)[red,planet=3pt] at (130:8.94435) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, left = 0.05 of bernard] {{É}toile de Barnard.\ (distanse 1916)};

    \node(wise)[red,planet=3pt] at (110:10.7625) {};
    \node[text width=2.8cm,align=center, right = 0.05 of wise] {WISE 0855–0714.\newline(distanse 2014)};

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Abgeschnitten

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