¿Alguien podría ayudarme a dibujar los siguientes dos gráficos de Ti?k¿Z? Tengo dificultades al intentar dibujar arcos y no encontré referencias buenas/simples para eso.
Esto es lo que he probado para el primer gráfico:
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[circle,draw] (A) at (-1,0) {};
\node[circle,draw] (B) at (5,0) {};
\draw (-5,0) node {} -- (-1,0) node{} -- (5,0) node{};
\draw (A) to[out=20,in=160] (B);
\draw (A) to[out=40,in=120] (B);
\draw (A) to[out=-20,in=200] (B);
\draw (A) to[out=-40,in=220] (B);
\end{tikzpicture}
P/S: Usando los siguientes códigos de JouleV, no estoy seguro de por qué tengo círculos no deseados alrededor de los nodosmi0 ,...,mi4 como la siguiente imagen:
Respuesta1
Este es un buen comienzo para los arcos:
\documentclass[tikz,border=5mm]{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\fill[black] (0,0) circle (1pt) (4,0) circle (1pt) (8,0) circle (1pt);
\draw (0,0)--(4,0) node[midway,above] {$e_0$};
\draw (4,0) to[out=90,in=90] node[midway,above] {$e_4$} (8,0);
\draw (4,0) to[out=30,in=150] node[midway,above] {$e_2$} (8,0);
\draw (4,0) -- node[midway,below] {$e_1$} (8,0);
\draw (4,0) to[out=-60,in=-120] node[midway,below] {$e_3$} (8,0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
Si ha definido los formatos de los nodos antes, debe poner los \draw
comandos en a scope
, donde redefine los nodos:
\documentclass[tikz,border=5mm]{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\fill[black] (0,0) circle (1pt) (4,0) circle (1pt) (8,0) circle (1pt);
\begin{scope}[every node/.style={fill=none,draw=none}]
\draw (0,0)--(4,0) node[midway,above] {$e_0$};
\draw (4,0) to[out=90,in=90] node[midway,above] {$e_4$} (8,0);
\draw (4,0) to[out=30,in=150] node[midway,above] {$e_2$} (8,0);
\draw (4,0) -- node[midway,below] {$e_1$} (8,0);
\draw (4,0) to[out=-60,in=-120] node[midway,below] {$e_3$} (8,0);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
Prima| La segunda figura:
\documentclass[tikz,border=5mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{angles,quotes}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[->] (-1,0)--(5.5,0);
\draw (0,-.5)--(0,4);
\coordinate (o) at (0,0);
\coordinate (a) at (3,0);
\coordinate (c) at (1,3);
\coordinate (b) at (4,2);
\coordinate (bx) at (5,2);
\coordinate (cx) at (2,3);
\coordinate (ax) at (5,0);
\draw[very thick] (o)--(a);
\draw[very thick] (a)--(b) node[midway,above left] {$\varphi'_B$};
\draw[very thick] (b)--(c) node[midway,below] {$\varphi'_A$};
\draw[very thick] (c)--(o) node[midway,right] {$\varphi'_I$};
\draw[dashed] (b)--(bx) (c)--(cx);
\pic[draw,"$\alpha_3$",angle radius=0.3cm,angle eccentricity=2] {angle=ax--a--b};
\pic[draw,"$\alpha_1$",angle radius=0.2cm,angle eccentricity=2] {angle=cx--c--o};
\pic[draw,"$\alpha_2$",angle radius=0.2cm,angle eccentricity=2] {angle=bx--b--c};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
Necesita la angles
biblioteca para notaciones de ángulos y quotes
la biblioteca para insertar los nombres de los ángulos.
Respuesta2
como complemento a la primera versión de la respuesta de @JouleV:
\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning, quotes}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 30mm,
on grid,
dot/.style = {circle, draw, fill, minimum size=3pt, inner sep=0pt,
node contents={}},
every edge quotes/.style = {inner sep=1pt, font=\footnotesize, auto=left}
]
\node (n1) [dot];
\node (n2) [dot, right=of n1];
\node (n3) [dot, right=of n2];
\path (n1) edge ["$e_0$"] (n2)
(n2) edge ["$e_1$"] (n3)
(n2) edge [bend left=60,"$e_4$"] (n3)
(n2) edge [bend left,"$e_2$"] (n3)
(n2) edge [bend right,"$e_3$"] (n3)
;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}