Recentemente recebi um relatório de spam do meu provedor de vps e da Trend Micro, acho que meu vps foi suspenso porque um ou algum "remetente em branco" desconhecido usando meu servidor de e-mail como um "ponto de salto", sei que esta não é uma boa descrição, mas é quase assim.
Então eu pesquisei no Google, tentei rejeitar configuração de remetente nulo, smtpd_sender_restrictions e smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender, e nenhuma dessas restrições está funcionando, o remetente em branco ainda usa meu servidor de e-mail para provavelmente enviar e-mails de spam.
E estou curioso, por que não consigo enviar e-mails com nome de usuário e senha de remetente em branco no meu iPhone? Ele parece ser capaz???
Aqui está o log do postfix.
Aug 13 13:21:55 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 80FE844028: from=<>, size=5295, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:55 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8AFCE6672B: from=<>, size=5519, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8EC7D4F0B9: from=<>, size=5909, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/error[29363]: 80914808C8: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=50028, delays=50028/0.01/0/0.02, dsn=4.4.2, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: lost connection with smtp.huaku.com.tw[60.251.166.38] while performing the HELO handshake)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/error[29379]: 80FE844028: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=52167, delays=52167/0.01/0/0.01, dsn=4.4.2, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: lost connection with smtp.huaku.com.tw[60.251.166.38] while performing the HELO handshake)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 893BC809E4: from=<>, size=5527, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8AB027F6F8: from=<>, size=5183, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/error[29367]: 8AFCE6672B: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=52306, delays=52306/0.02/0/0.01, dsn=4.4.2, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: lost connection with smtp.huaku.com.tw[60.251.166.38] while performing the HELO handshake)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8C8A55B7C0: from=<>, size=5545, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/error[29360]: 8EC7D4F0B9: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=52263, delays=52263/0.02/0/0.01, dsn=4.4.2, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: lost connection with smtp.huaku.com.tw[60.251.166.38] while performing the HELO handshake)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 864266EAD7: from=<>, size=5586, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8B1894C1FF: from=<>, size=5540, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8525D44E65: from=<>, size=5532, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 89C656CE39: from=<>, size=5531, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 804E35CEC2: from=<>, size=5577, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8FF27451C4: from=<>, size=5516, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8730B5B32C: from=<>, size=5531, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8125063A9E: from=<>, size=5525, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 87BC557CD2: from=<>, size=5576, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8F3B957F44: from=<>, size=5526, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 89D8D6EC93: from=<>, size=5531, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 86A845AA04: from=<>, size=5546, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8F5AB52661: from=<>, size=5543, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8C1CC5D9E5: from=<>, size=5540, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 80D597FBBF: from=<>, size=5557, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8146E57F4F: from=<>, size=5568, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8660B4F9D4: from=<>, size=5255, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 89BD35A33C: from=<>, size=5540, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 87CC8599C5: from=<>, size=5610, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8E3A6584A0: from=<>, size=5116, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 847636A0B8: from=<>, size=5541, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 86AD480D58: from=<>, size=5542, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 817485AC90: from=<>, size=5556, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 841276EA0D: from=<>, size=5525, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8296F80B25: from=<>, size=5561, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8421063162: from=<>, size=5401, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8384E4B30E: from=<>, size=5161, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 82688821B0: from=<>, size=5566, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8CF625E8BB: from=<>, size=5368, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8EE4A518E1: from=<>, size=5531, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 89AB64FF8B: from=<>, size=5226, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8AF1E5F0DA: from=<>, size=5674, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 877BA5EB02: from=<>, size=5547, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 866416EB06: from=<>, size=5551, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8B7FD6EE25: from=<>, size=5511, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8796465671: from=<>, size=5542, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 89D9954689: from=<>, size=5536, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 883335CABD: from=<>, size=5539, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8FCBF67FAD: from=<>, size=5519, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8254B5DE8D: from=<>, size=5530, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8A27C5F0C2: from=<>, size=5398, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8522E50E32: from=<>, size=5428, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 84A5F80DD3: from=<>, size=5241, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 897F46EC86: from=<>, size=5545, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 89E504C571: from=<>, size=5929, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8A2946ECA8: from=<>, size=5566, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 88EC766A58: from=<>, size=5715, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8C51D4B594: from=<>, size=5577, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 812354E8B0: from=<>, size=5550, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 86C048267C: from=<>, size=5515, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8E3976CAFE: from=<>, size=5556, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 81A327FC62: from=<>, size=5572, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 85DDD660CB: from=<>, size=5550, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 847E150E1E: from=<>, size=5160, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8E5236F654: from=<>, size=5531, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8947E4E8EB: from=<>, size=5560, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8929F577DE: from=<>, size=5540, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 83A1B44F24: from=<>, size=5572, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8260D7FDB5: from=<>, size=5531, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8981C80C34: from=<>, size=5537, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 894AE808C9: from=<>, size=5566, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8CA3C4C831: from=<>, size=5490, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 866C548714: from=<>, size=5522, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 886658262D: from=<>, size=5556, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 822B95A9A8: from=<>, size=5525, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8BADC69D5E: from=<>, size=5525, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 852266B8C4: from=<>, size=5540, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 83712504BA: from=<>, size=5525, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8096D64F2C: from=<>, size=5311, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 842845DCEE: from=<>, size=5323, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8E3A159D01: from=<>, size=5545, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 85D255046D: from=<>, size=5540, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 806735809F: from=<>, size=5519, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8D4D56C900: from=<>, size=5539, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 869B057748: from=<>, size=5214, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8B9D682689: from=<>, size=5546, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 81D185E332: from=<>, size=5555, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 85D7C6318F: from=<>, size=5511, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 8F2915D8A7: from=<>, size=5565, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:56 mail-srv postfix/qmgr[28609]: 894F35C4A7: from=<>, size=5546, nrcpt=1 (queue active)
Aug 13 13:21:58 mail-srv postfix/local[29444]: fatal: main.cf configuration error: mailbox_size_limit is smaller than message_size_limit
Aug 13 13:21:59 mail-srv postfix/master[28607]: warning: process /usr/libexec/postfix/local pid 29444 exit status 1
Aug 13 13:21:59 mail-srv postfix/master[28607]: warning: /usr/libexec/postfix/local: bad command startup -- throttling
Aug 13 13:22:59 mail-srv postfix/local[29554]: fatal: main.cf configuration error: mailbox_size_limit is smaller than message_size_limit
Aug 13 13:23:00 mail-srv postfix/master[28607]: warning: process /usr/libexec/postfix/local pid 29554 exit status 1
Aug 13 13:23:00 mail-srv postfix/master[28607]: warning: /usr/libexec/postfix/local: bad command startup -- throttling
Aug 13 13:24:00 mail-srv postfix/local[29623]: fatal: main.cf configuration error: mailbox_size_limit is smaller than message_size_limit
Aug 13 13:24:01 mail-srv postfix/master[28607]: warning: process /usr/libexec/postfix/local pid 29623 exit status 1
Aug 13 13:24:01 mail-srv postfix/master[28607]: warning: /usr/libexec/postfix/local: bad command startup -- throttling
Aug 13 13:25:01 mail-srv postfix/local[29680]: fatal: main.cf configuration error: mailbox_size_limit is smaller than message_size_limit
Aug 13 13:25:02 mail-srv postfix/master[28607]: warning: process /usr/libexec/postfix/local pid 29680 exit status 1
Aug 13 13:25:02 mail-srv postfix/master[28607]: warning: /usr/libexec/postfix/local: bad command startup -- throttling
Aqui está o postconf -n.
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: submission_sender_checks
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
command_directory = /usr/sbin
compatibility_level = 2
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
data_directory = /var/lib/postfix
debug_peer_level = 2
debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5
html_directory = no
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = all
mail_owner = postfix
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix
manpage_directory = /usr/share/man
message_size_limit = 102400000
meta_directory = /etc/postfix
milter_default_action = accept
milter_protocol = 2
mydestination =
myhostname = mail-srv.novalocal
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix
non_smtpd_milters = inet:127.0.0.1:8891
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix3-3.4.7/README_FILES
sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix3-3.4.7/samples
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix
setgid_group = postdrop
shlib_directory = /usr/lib/postfix
smtp_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_milters = inet:127.0.0.1:8891
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_auth_destination, reject_unauth_destination, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain
smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender = yes
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_auth_destination, reject_unauth_destination, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_sender_login_mismatch
smtpd_tls_chain_files = /etc/pki/dovecot/private/dovecot.pem,/etc/pki/dovecot/certs/dovecot.pem
smtpd_tls_security_level = may
smtpd_use_tls = yes
tls_server_sni_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/vmail_ssl.map
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
virtual_alias_maps = sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_alias_maps.cf, sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_alias_domain_maps.cf, sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_alias_domain_catchall_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_domains = sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_domains_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_maps = sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf, sqlite:/etc/postfix/sqlite_virtual_alias_domain_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_transport = lmtp:unix:private/dovecot-lmtp
contagem de palavras excedida.postconf -d aqui:https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/Nhqf7hbdg9/
Responder1
O <>remetente é a forma correta de indicar que se uma mensagem não puder ser entregue, nenhum relatório de erro deverá ser gerado.
Os relatórios de erros são gerados com um remetente vazio precisamente para que os relatórios de erros não possam acionar novos relatórios de erros, portanto, essas são mensagens válidas.
O From:campo e o remetente SMTP não estão relacionados, exceto que o e-mail geralmente é gerado com ambos iguais, de modo que os relatórios de erros são entregues na caixa de correio correta.
Seu servidor pode ser usado para spam porque faltam algumas restrições:
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_destination
smtpd_relay_restrictions = reject_unauth_destination
Você precisará de outras configurações nessas linhas para permitir a passagem de e-mails legítimos, mas quais configurações dependem de como você reconhece e-mails legítimos ( permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, ou permit_tls_clientcertssão típicos, leia a documentação sobre eles para ver se você precisa deles).