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提取標籤值的 Shell 腳本

tag-icon • tag-icon text-processing xml
提取標籤值的 Shell 腳本

假設我有一個如下所述的 xml 文件，並且我想使用 unix 命令提取應用程式名稱、計算機和狀態標記值，並以逗號分隔的格式呈現。

XML 檔案：-

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<applications>
<application name="Adapter/Code1">
<service name="Code1.par">
<deploymentStatus>Success</deploymentStatus>
<serviceInstance name="Code1-One">
    <machine>123</machine>
    <status>Running</status>
</serviceInstance>
<serviceInstance name="Code1-Two">
    <machine>456</machine>
    <status>Running</status>
</serviceInstance>
</service>
</application>
<application name="Adapter/Code2">
<service name="Code2.par">
<deploymentStatus>Success</deploymentStatus>
<serviceInstance name="Code2-One">
    <machine>123</machine>
    <status>Running</status>
</serviceInstance>
<serviceInstance name="Code2-Two">
    <machine>456</machine>
    <status>Running</status>
</serviceInstance>
</service>
</application>
</applications>

輸出：-

Adapter/Code1,123,Running

Adapter/Code1,456,Running

Adapter/Code2,123,Running

Adapter/Code2,456,Running

您能幫我提供執行此活動的 unixcommand/shell 腳本嗎？

提前致謝！ ！

答案1

Python3.x 解決方案（帶有xml.etree.ElementTree模組）：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse("test.xml")
root = tree.getroot()
for app in root.findall('application'):
    for m,s in zip(app.iter('machine'), app.iter('status')):
        print("%s,%s,%s" % (app.get('name'), m.text, s.text))

輸出：

Adapter/Code1,123,Running
Adapter/Code1,456,Running
Adapter/Code2,123,Running
Adapter/Code2,456,Running

https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/xml.etree.elementtree.html?highlight=etree#module-xml.etree.ElementTree

xmlstarlet+awk（用於對每個application元素的子節點進行分組）解決方案：

xmlstarlet sel -t -v "//application/@name| .//machine/text()| .//status/text()" -n input.xml 
 | awk '/Adapter/{app=$0; r=app; c=0; next}
   { if(++c==2){ c=0; print r","$0; r=app } else { r=r","$0 }}'

輸出：

Adapter/Code1,123,Running
Adapter/Code1,456,Running
Adapter/Code2,123,Running
Adapter/Code2,456,Running

  • "//application/@name| .//machine/text()| .//status/text()"- XPath表達式來取得所需的節點

  • /Adapter/{app=$0; r=app; c=0; next}- 捕獲每個application名稱以進行進一步串聯

http://xmlstar.sourceforge.net/doc/UG/xmlstarlet-ug.html

答案2

安裝希德爾並使用xpath。

我認為最好的觀點來自serviceInstance：

xidel f.xml -e '//serviceInstance/string-join((../../@name, machine, status),",")'

Adapter/Code1,123,Running
Adapter/Code1,456,Running
Adapter/Code2,123,Running
Adapter/Code2,456,Running

答案3

使用xmlstarlet循環遍歷每個serviceInstance節點：

xmlstarlet sel -t \
    -m '//application/service/serviceInstance' \
    -v '../../@name' -o , \
    -v 'machine' -o , \
    -v 'status' -nl \
    file.xml

這會匹配serviceInstance節點，並且對於每個這樣的節點，它會提取name其祖父母節點的屬性、machine節點的值和status節點的值。這些輸出之間有逗號 ( -o ,) ，末尾有換行符 ( -nl)。

您也可以從xq（來自https://kislyuk.github.io/yq/）：

xq -r '
    .applications.application[] | ."@name" as $name |
    .service.serviceInstance[]  | [ $name, .machine, .status ] | @csv' file.xml

答案4

如果您有充分的理由不使用 xml 工具，則可以使用低階解析，只要您的應用程式像您的範例一樣簡單：

sed 's/<application name="\([^"]*\)">/\1/
Ta
h
d
:a
/<machine>/!d
G
N
s_.*<machine>\(.*\)</machine>\n\(.*\)\n.*<status>\(.*\)</status>.*_\2,\1,\3_' yourfile.xml

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