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問題

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問題

問題

如何使網格線完美對齊，使其與頁面上的物理毫米相對應。

情況

我有一張A4紙。我想在其上繪製網格線，並標記每一毫米（顯然編號尺寸用於數位用途，實際上厘米將標記為實體列印）。

標準

  • 適用於任何紙張尺寸（只要\step調整了最大值）
  • 線條與物理尺寸對齊
  • 覆蓋層將覆蓋任何其他 tikz 圖片（或其他任何內容），無論在文件中的何處呼叫該命令（我可以在需要網格的任何頁面上呼叫該命令）

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問題

  • 線條並非從原點開始
  • 無論在何處調用，網格都不位於tikzpicture文件中調用的上方。\showgrid

範例程式碼

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{anyfontsize}
\newcommand{\showgrid}{%
    \begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture,every node/.style={inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt}]%
        \draw[help lines,xstep=1mm,ystep=1mm,gray!25] (current page.north west) grid (current page.south east);
        \draw[help lines,xstep=10mm,ystep=10mm,color=gray] (current page.south west) grid (current page.north east);
        \foreach \step in {0,1,...,297} {
            \node [anchor=north] at ($ (current page.north west) + (\step mm,0cm) $) {\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont \step};
            \node [anchor=west] at ($ (current page.north west) + (0cm,-\step mm) $) {\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont \step};
        }
    \end{tikzpicture}
}%



\begin{document}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\showgrid{}

\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture,every node/.style={fill=red,inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt}]%
   \node [minimum width=2cm,minimum height=2cm] at (current page.center) {};
\end{tikzpicture}%

\end{document}

輸出

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更新：我的解決方案

這是一種混合解決方案，利用 cfr 的方法與 esdd 答案的自動頁面大小檢測相結合。

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikzpagenodes}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}
\usepackage{anyfontsize}
\usepackage{atbegshi}
\newcommand{\showgrid}{%
  \AtBeginShipoutNext{\AtBeginShipoutAddToBoxForeground{%
      \begin{tikzpicture}
        [
          overlay,
          remember picture,
          inner sep=0pt,
          outer sep=0pt,
          minor line/.style={help lines, draw=black!50, on background layer},
          major line/.style={help lines, draw=black},
          major number/.style={font=\fontsize{3}{5}\selectfont\bfseries},
          minor number/.style={font=\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont},
        ]
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro\xmaxstep{\paperwidth/1mm}% calculate needed steps in x direction
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro\ymaxstep{\paperheight/1mm}% calculate needed steps in y direction
        \foreach \step in {0,1,...,\xmaxstep} {
          \pgfmathsetmacro\gridlineconfig{ifthenelse(equal(int(mod(\step,10)),0),"major line","minor line")}%
          \draw [\gridlineconfig] ($(current page.north west) + (\step mm,0)$) -- ($(current page.south west) + (\step mm,0)$);
        }
        \foreach \step in {0,1,...,\ymaxstep} {
          \pgfmathsetmacro\gridlineconfig{ifthenelse(equal(int(mod(\step,10)),0),"major line","minor line")}%
          \pgfmathsetmacro\numberconfig{ifthenelse(equal(int(mod(\step,10)),0),"major number","minor number")}%
          \draw [\gridlineconfig] ($(current page.north west) - (0,\step mm)$) -- ($(current page.north east) - (0,\step mm)$);
          \node [anchor=north,\numberconfig] at ($ (current page.north west) + (\step mm,0) $) {\step};
          \node [anchor=west,\numberconfig] at ($ (current page.north west) - (0,\step mm) $) {\step};
        }
      \end{tikzpicture}
    }%
  }%
}
\tikzset{% 
    myseg/.style={%
        red,very thick
    }
}


\begin{document}
\null
\showgrid

\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
\draw [myseg] (current page text area.north west) -- (current page text area.north east) -- (current page text area.south east) -- (current page text area.south west) -- (current page text area.north west);
\draw [myseg] (current page header area.north west) -- (current page header area.north east) -- (current page header area.south east) -- (current page header area.south west) -- (current page header area.north west);
\draw [myseg] (current page footer area.north west) -- (current page footer area.north east) -- (current page footer area.south east) -- (current page footer area.south west) -- (current page footer area.north west);
\draw [myseg] (current page marginpar area.north west) -- (current page marginpar area.north east) -- (current page marginpar area.south east) -- (current page marginpar area.south west) -- (current page marginpar area.north west);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

輸出

筆記：當對佈局進行逆向工程時，可以使用大多數列印功能表上的「縮放到印表機邊距」選項來將該網格列印在另一個PDF 上，因為PDF 和網格都將以相同的比例縮放，這意味著縮小的毫米將相當於底層 PDF 上的一毫米。可以在此處找到使用此程式碼在圖像上繪圖的範例：https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/269156/13552 在此輸入影像描述 在此輸入影像描述

答案1

請注意，在發布的 PNGS 中，線寬可能看起來不均勻。這是小螢幕/PDF 檢視器組合的產物，與實際的 PDF 無關。它只會影響我的 PNG 剪報。

我認為這個解決方案滿足了各種需求：

  • 可以透過調整 s 的定義來適應其他紙張尺寸\step。
  • 紙張的西北角位於原點，網格線與頁面的物理尺寸對齊，即網格的小正方形和大正方形的西北角與北對齊- 頁面的西角。 有網格的頁面 西北原點
  • 網格覆蓋其他頁面內容，包括tikzpictures，即使這些內容使用overlay, remember picture它們自己。 網格覆蓋影像
  • \showgrid可以在頁面上需要網格的任何位置指定，包括在任何tikzpictures 之前，即使它們本身使用overlay, remember picture.
  • 網格僅顯示在請求的頁面上。下一頁將不使用網格。 （但是很容易對其進行調整，以便它顯示在每個頁面或其他地方。請參閱 的文檔atbegshi。）

我用手畫了網格，分別畫了水平線和垂直線。我使用該backgrounds庫來確保較淺的線條不會繪製在較暗的線條上（這看起來相當奇怪）。

我用來atbegshi確保網格放置在所有頁面內容之上。

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}
\usepackage{anyfontsize}
\newcommand{\showgrid}{%
  \AtBeginShipoutNext{\AtBeginShipoutAddToBoxForeground{%
      \begin{tikzpicture}
        [
          overlay,
          remember picture,
          inner sep=0pt,
          outer sep=0pt,
          minor line/.style={help lines, draw=gray!25, on background layer},
          major line/.style={help lines, draw=gray},
        ]
        \foreach \step in {0,...,210} {
          \pgfmathsetmacro\gridlineconfig{ifthenelse(equal(int(mod(\step,10)),0),"major line","minor line")}%
          \draw [\gridlineconfig] ($(current page.north west) + (\step mm,0)$) -- ($(current page.south west) + (\step mm,0)$);
        }
        \foreach \step in {0,...,297} {
          \pgfmathsetmacro\gridlineconfig{ifthenelse(equal(int(mod(\step,10)),0),"major line","minor line")}%
          \draw [\gridlineconfig] ($(current page.north west) - (0,\step mm)$) -- ($(current page.north east) - (0,\step mm)$);
          \node [anchor=north] at ($ (current page.north west) + (\step mm,0) $) {\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont \step};
          \node [anchor=west] at ($ (current page.north west) - (0,\step mm) $) {\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont \step};
        }
      \end{tikzpicture}
    }%
  }%
}
\usepackage{atbegshi}

\begin{document}
  \thispagestyle{empty}
  \showgrid
  \begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture,every node/.style={fill=red,inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt}]%
    \node [minimum width=2cm,minimum height=2cm] at (current page.center) {};
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案2

\AddToShipoutPictureFG*包定義的命令eso-pic將其內容設定在目前頁面的頂部。此外，還可以根據紙張尺寸計算 x 和 y 方向上所需的標籤數量。

\documentclass[a5paper]{article}
%\usepackage{fontspec} % commented to speed up compilation
\usepackage{blindtext}% dummy text
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{anyfontsize}
\usepackage{eso-pic}

\newcommand{\showgrid}{%
  \AddToShipoutPictureFG*{%
    \begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture,
        thin,nodes={font=\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont},
        yshift=\paperheight% origin is in the upper left corner
        ]
      \draw[gray!25,step=1mm](current page.south west)grid(current page.north east);
      \draw[blue!30!gray,step=10mm](current page.south west) grid(current page.north east);
      \pgfmathtruncatemacro\xmaxstep{\paperwidth/1mm}% calculate needed steps in x direction
      \pgfmathtruncatemacro\ymaxstep{\paperheight/1mm}% calculate needed steps in y direction
      \foreach \step in {0,1,...,\xmaxstep}
        \node [anchor=north] at ([xshift=\step mm]current page.north west) {\step};
      \foreach \step in {0,1,...,\ymaxstep}
        \node [anchor=west] at ([yshift=-\step mm]current page.north west) {\step};
%        \node[fill=red]at(0,0){};% to show the origin
    \end{tikzpicture}%
  }%
}

\begin{document}
\blindtext[2]
\showgrid
\tikz[overlay,remember picture]\node[minimum size=2cm,fill=red] at (current page.center) {};
\blinddocument
\showgrid
\blinddocument
\end{document}

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使用套件，scrlayer您可以將網格定義為新的頁面樣式。

\documentclass[a5paper]{article}
%\usepackage{fontspec} % commented to speed up compilation
\usepackage{blindtext}% dummy text
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{anyfontsize}

\usepackage{scrlayer}
\DeclareNewLayer[foreground,page,
  contents={%
  \begin{tikzpicture}[thin,nodes={font=\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont}]
    \useasboundingbox(0,0)rectangle(\layerwidth,-\layerheight);
    \draw[gray!25,step=1mm](0,0)grid(\layerwidth,-\layerheight);
    \draw[orange!30!gray,step=10mm](0,0)grid(\layerwidth,-\layerheight);
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro\xmaxstep{\layerwidth/1mm}% calculate needed steps in x direction
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro\ymaxstep{\layerheight/1mm}% calculate needed steps in y direction
    \foreach \step in {0,1,...,\xmaxstep}
      \node [anchor=north] at (\step mm,0) {\step};
    \foreach \step in {0,1,...,\ymaxstep}
      \node [anchor=west] at (0,-\step mm){\step};
  \end{tikzpicture}%
  }
]{grid.fg}
\DeclareNewPageStyleByLayers{grid}{grid.fg}

\pagestyle{headings}

\begin{document}
\blindtext[2]
\thispagestyle{grid}
\tikz[overlay,remember picture]\node[minimum size=2cm,fill=red] at (current page.center) {};
\blinddocument
\thispagestyle{grid}
\blinddocument
\end{document}

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答案3

部分解決方案

下面的程式碼有一些小問題。

  1. 網格的原點位於頁面的左下角（OP想要左上角）

  2. 使用\AddToShipoutPicture使原點為 1. 但也使網格位於頁面內容下方。移除它，網格就會崩潰，但起源卻變得瘋狂。

和\AddToShipoutPicture

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沒有\AddToShipoutPicture

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分子量(?)E

\documentclass[a5paper]{article} % a5 just to example
%\usepackage{fontspec} % commented to speed up compilation
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.misc}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{anyfontsize}
\usepackage{eso-pic}

  \newcommand{\showgrid}{%
%    \AddToShipoutPicture{%
      \begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
        \draw[blue!30!white]
          (current page.south west) grid[step=1mm]
          (current page.north east);
        \draw[blue!80!white]
          (current page.south west) grid[step=10mm]
          (current page.north east);
        \foreach \step in {0,1,...,297} {
                      \node [anchor=north] at ($ (current page.north west) + (\step mm,0cm) $) {\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont \step};
                      \node [anchor=west] at ($ (current page.north west) + (0cm,-\step mm) $) {\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont \step};
                  }
      \end{tikzpicture}
%    }%
  }


\begin{document}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture,every node/.style={fill=red,inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt}]%
   \node [minimum width=2cm,minimum height=2cm] at (current page.center) {};
\end{tikzpicture}%
\showgrid
\end{document}

答案4

這裡有一個使用 afterpage 套件並重新定義 \@outputpage 命令的解決方案。也許有人可以使用 etoolbox 修補此命令。它不使用當前頁面。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{afterpage}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{anyfontsize}
\makeatletter
\newcommand{\showgrid}{%
\let\grid@outputpage\@outputpage
\def\@outputpage{%
\begingroup           % the \endgroup is put in by \aftergroup
  \let \protect \noexpand
  \@resetactivechars
  \global\let\@@if@newlist\if@newlist
  \global\@newlistfalse
  \@parboxrestore
  \shipout \vbox{%
    \set@typeset@protect
    \aftergroup \endgroup
    \aftergroup \set@typeset@protect
                                % correct? or just restore by ending
                                % the group?
  \if@specialpage
    \global\@specialpagefalse\@nameuse{ps@\@specialstyle}%
  \fi
  \if@twoside
    \ifodd\count\z@ \let\@thehead\@oddhead \let\@thefoot\@oddfoot
         \let\@themargin\oddsidemargin
    \else \let\@thehead\@evenhead
       \let\@thefoot\@evenfoot \let\@themargin\evensidemargin
    \fi
  \fi
  \reset@font
  \normalsize
  \normalsfcodes
  \let\label\@gobble
  \let\index\@gobble
  \let\glossary\@gobble
  \baselineskip\z@skip \lineskip\z@skip \lineskiplimit\z@
    \@begindvi
    \vskip \topmargin
    \moveright\@themargin \vbox {%
      \setbox\@tempboxa \vbox to\headheight{%
        \vfil
        \color@hbox
          \normalcolor
          \hb@xt@\textwidth{\@thehead}%
        \color@endbox
        }%                        %% 22 Feb 87
      \dp\@tempboxa \z@
      \box\@tempboxa
      \vskip \headsep
      \box\@outputbox
      \baselineskip \footskip
      \color@hbox
        \normalcolor
        \hb@xt@\textwidth{\@thefoot}%
      \color@endbox
      }%
\vskip-\dimexpr\textheight+\topmargin+\headheight+\headsep+\footskip+1in\relax%
\hspace*{-1in}%
\begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt}]%
   \draw[help lines,gray!25] (0,0) grid[step=1mm] (\paperwidth,-\paperheight);
   \draw[help lines,gray] (0,0) grid[step=10mm] (\paperwidth,-\paperheight);
   \foreach \step in {0,1,...,297} {
        \node [anchor=north] at ($ (0,0) + (\step mm,0cm) $) {\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont \step};
        \node [anchor=west] at ($ (0,0) + (0cm,-\step mm) $) {\fontsize{1}{2}\selectfont \step};
    }
    \end{tikzpicture}
    }%
  \global\let\if@newlist\@@if@newlist
  \global \@colht \textheight
  \stepcounter{page}%
  \let\firstmark\botmark
}\afterpage{\global\let\@outputpage\grid@outputpage}}
\makeatother



\begin{document}
\thispagestyle{empty}
test 

\showgrid

and test

\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture,every node/.style={fill=red,inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt}]%
   \node [minimum width=2cm,minimum height=2cm] at (current page.center) {};
\end{tikzpicture}%

\newpage

test

\newpage

test 

\showgrid

and test

\end{document}

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