當我嘗試掛載現有磁碟時，收到訊息
sudo mount -t ext4 /dev/sdc1 /data
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdc1,
missing codepage or helper program, or other error
In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
dmesg | tail or so
當我看到時dmesg，我得到
[ 707.504050] EXT4-fs (sdc1): group descriptors corrupted!
然後我運行命令
sudo e2fsck -p /dev/sdc1
cloudimg-rootfs: Superblock has an invalid journal (inode 8).
CLEARED.
*** ext3 journal has been deleted - filesystem is now ext2 only ***
cloudimg-rootfs: One or more block group descriptor checksums are invalid. FIXED.
cloudimg-rootfs: Group descriptor 0 checksum is invalid.
cloudimg-rootfs: UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck MANUALLY.
(i.e., without -a or -p options)
sudo fsck.ext4 -v /dev/sdc1
One or more block group descriptor checksums are invalid. Fix<y>? yes
Group descriptor 0 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 1 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 2 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 3 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 4 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 5 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 6 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 7 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 8 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 9 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 10 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 11 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 12 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 13 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 14 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 15 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 16 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
Group descriptor 17 checksum is invalid. FIXED.
..SKIPPED..
cloudimg-rootfs contains a file system with errors, check forced.
Resize inode not valid. Recreate<y>? yes
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Journal inode is not in use, but contains data. Clear<y>? yes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Entry 'backup' in / (2) has invalid inode #: 3932162.
Clear<y>? yes
Entry 'conf' in / (2) has invalid inode #: 3932163.
Clear<y>? yes
Entry 'data' in / (2) has invalid inode #: 3932164.
Clear<y>? yes
Entry 'init' in / (2) has invalid inode #: 3932165.
Clear<y>? yes
Entry 'lib' in / (2) has invalid inode #: 3932166.
Clear<y>? yes
Entry 'log' in / (2) has invalid inode #: 3932167.
Clear<y>? yes
Entry 'script' in / (2) has invalid inode #: 3932168.
Clear<y>? yes
Entry 'site' in / (2) has invalid inode #: 3932169.
Clear<y>? yes
Entry 'tmp' in / (2) has invalid inode #: 3932170.
Clear<y>? yes
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Inode 2 ref count is 12, should be 3. Fix<y>? yes
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
Block bitmap differences: -(89--601) -(603--1024) -9254 -(32857--33792) -(34816--98303) -(98393--99328) -(100352--163839) -(163929--164864) -(165888--229375) -(229465--230400) -(231424--294911) -(295001--295936) -(296960--524287) -(557056--819199) -(819289--820224) -(821248--884735) -(884825--885760) -(886784--1048575) -(1081344--1572863) -(1605721--1606656) -(1607680--1641853) -(1641984--1658367) -(1658880--1702655) -(1702912--1726975) -(1727488--1738239) -(1738752--1991679) -(1992704--2055679) -(2056192--2061567) -(2062336--2082303) -(2082816--2097151) -(2129920--2452991) -(2453504--2480383) -(2482176--2517503) -(2519040--2580735) -(2580992--2581503) -(2582528--2621439) -(2654297--2655232) -(2656256--2713343) -(2713600--2723327) -(2723840--2735103) -(2736128--2743295) -(2744320--2745855) -(2746368--2760447) -(2760704--2765567) -(2766848--2804991) -(2805760--2837503) -(2838528--2842367) -(2842624--2893055) -(2893312--2909439) -(2910208--3013631) -(3014656--3145727) -(3178496--3417343) -(3417600--3437055) -(3438592--3442175) -(3442688--3454463) -(3454976--3670015) -(3702784--3775743) -(3776000--3897599) -(3899392--3902207) -(3902464--3922687) -(3923968--3937279) -(3938304--3993855) -(3995648--4011775) -(4012032--4043519) -(4043776--4044287) -(4044800--4065023) -(4065280--4068863) -(4069376--4074495) -(4075520--4089599) -(4089856--4095999) -(4096089--4099840) -(4100096--4119295) -(4120576--4124415) -(4124672--4179199) -(4179968--4185599) -(4186112--4192511) -(4193280--4194303) -(4227072--4229375) -(4230144--4273407) -(4274176--4301567) -(4301824--4318207) -(4319232--4380927) -(4381184--4381695) -(4382720--4426495) -(4426752--4460031) -(4460544--4563455) -(4563968--4625919) -(4626432--4718591) -(4751360--4840191) -(4841472--4862463) -(4862976--4878079) -(4878336--5086463) -(5086720--5110783) -(5111808--5158399) -(5158912--5204991) -(5206016--5218047) -(5218304--5231615) -(5232640--5242879) -(5275648--5383167) -(5384192--5451519) -(5451776--5457407) -(5457920--5471231) -(5472256--5474815) -(5476352--5484031) -(5484544--5512235) -(5513216--5583359) -(5583872--5670143) -(5670400--5685759) -(5686272--5703423) -(5703680--5750015) -(5750784--5767167) -(5799936--5892863) -(5893120--5906175) -(5906432--5946367) -(5947392--5964031) -(5965824--6018815) -(6019072--6034687) -(6035456--6093311) -(6094848--6097919) -(6098944--6291455) -(6324224--6378239) -(6379520--6409215) -(6410240--6429695) -(6430720--6558207) -(6559744--6702079) -(6703104--6740991) -(6742016--6815743) -(6848512--6929919) -(6930432--7140095) -(7141376--7144959) -(7145472--7149055) -(7149568--7156991) -(7157760--7161599) -(7161856--7171071) -(7172096--7185919) -(7186432--7195647) -(7196672--7224063) -(7225344--7340031) -(7340043--7340047) -(7340059--7340063) -(7345696--7348255) -(7372800--7463423) -(7464960--7491071) -(7491584--7502847) -(7503872--7523839) -(7524352--75315
Fix<y>? yes
Free blocks count wrong for group #0 (23512, counted=24449).
Fix<y>? yes
Free blocks count wrong for group #1 (1023, counted=32679).
Fix<y>? yes
Free blocks count wrong for group #2 (0, counted=32768).
Fix<y>? yes
..SKIPPED..
最後..
cloudimg-rootfs: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****
11 inodes used (0.00%)
0 non-contiguous files (0.0%)
0 non-contiguous directories (0.0%)
# of inodes with ind/dind/tind blocks: 0/0/0
Extent depth histogram: 2
121775 blocks used (1.59%)
0 bad blocks
0 large files
0 regular files
2 directories
0 character device files
0 block device files
0 fifos
0 links
0 symbolic links (0 fast symbolic links)
0 sockets
--------
2 files
問題：當我再次嘗試掛載時，這次成功了，但只顯示空分區，只有lost+found資料夾，而我的 100GB 分割區變成了 29GB。
任何想法？
答案1
您的檔案系統已經徹底損壞，而幾乎e2fsck無法挽救它。對 FS 進行 Nuke 並從備份中還原。我會添加“考慮更換硬體「除了您上面發布的內容表明這是一個虛擬伺服器。
在回答您上面的評論時，您所做的幾乎是我們所有人在 FS 午餐時都可以做的事情（除了 FS 內核黑客，他們可能可以使用debugfs）。不要責怪自己 - 除非你沒有任何備份，在這種情況下做責備自己，並吸取重要的教訓。