答案1
也許是這樣的?
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath} % for 'align*' environment and '\stackrel' macro
\newlength\mylength
\settowidth{\mylength}{\scriptsize Lem.\ 1.1(ii)}
\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
(E\mathcal{V}_{i+1})^{\perp}
&\stackrel{\makebox[\mylength]{}}{=}
(EA^{-1}(E\mathcal{V}_i))^T \\
&\stackrel{\makebox[\mylength]{\scriptsize Lem.\ 1.1(i)}}{=}
E^{-T}(A^{-1}(E\mathcal{V}_i))^{\perp}\\
&\stackrel{\text{Lem.\ 1.1(ii)}}{=}
E^{-T}(A^T(E\mathcal{V}_i))^{\perp}\\
&\stackrel{\makebox[\mylength]{}}{=}E^{-T}
(A^T\widehat{\mathcal{W}}_{i+1})
=\widehat{\mathcal{W}}_{i+2}
\end{align*}
\end{document}
附錄:如果您有很多這樣的表達式,那麼設定一個專用巨集來表示專用符號可能是個好主意=
,例如按照以下程式碼行(產生與上面範例相同的輸出)。如果符號上方沒有任何內容可排版=
,只需編寫\myeq{}
以確保間距正確即可。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath} % for 'align*' environment and '\stackrel' macro
\newlength\mylength
\settowidth{\mylength}{\scriptsize Lem.\ 1.1(ii)} % width of longest label
\newcommand\myeq[1]{\stackrel{\makebox[\mylength]{\scriptsize #1}}{=}}
\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
(E\mathcal{V}_{i+1})^{\perp}
&\myeq{} (E A^{-1}(E\mathcal{V}_i))^T \\
&\myeq{Lem.\ 1.1(i)} E^{-T}(A^{-1}(E\mathcal{V}_i))^{\perp}\\
&\myeq{Lem.\ 1.1(ii)} E^{-T}(A^T(E\mathcal{V}_i))^{\perp}\\
&\myeq{} E^{-T} (A^T\widehat{\mathcal{W}}_{i+1})
=\widehat{\mathcal{W}}_{i+2}
\end{align*}
\end{document}
答案2
您可以使用eqparbox
;第一個參數\widerel
是任意標籤(每個環境不同)。
然而,第二種解決方案似乎更好。當然,不建議對引理編號進行硬編碼,而\ref
應該使用。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{eqparbox}
\DeclareRobustCommand{\widerel}[2]{%
\mathrel{\eqmakebox[#1]{$\displaystyle#2$}}%
}
\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
(E\mathcal{V}_{i+1})^{\perp}
&\widerel{A}{=} (EA^{-1}(E\mathcal{V}_i))^T \\
&\widerel{A}{\overset{\text{Lem.\ 1.1(i)}}{=}} E^{-T}(A^{-1}(E\mathcal{V}_i))^{\perp}\\
&\widerel{A}{\overset{\text{Lem.\ 1.1(ii)}}{=}} E^{-T}(A^T(E\mathcal{V}_i))^{\perp}\\
&\widerel{A}{=} E^{-T}(A^T\widehat{\mathcal{W}}_{i+1})
=\widehat{\mathcal{W}}_{i+2}
\end{align*}
\begin{align*}
(E\mathcal{V}_{i+1})^{\perp}
&= (EA^{-1}(E\mathcal{V}_i))^T \\
&= E^{-T}(A^{-1}(E\mathcal{V}_i))^{\perp} &&\text{Lemma 1.1(i)}\\
&= E^{-T}(A^T(E\mathcal{V}_i))^{\perp} &&\text{Lemma 1.1(ii)}\\
&= E^{-T}(A^T\widehat{\mathcal{W}}_{i+1})
=\widehat{\mathcal{W}}_{i+2}
\end{align*}
\end{document}
答案3
這裡有兩個解決方案。第一個使用array
環境,等號進入單獨的列。我推薦第二種解決方案,因為它更好讀;它在額外的列中添加理由,而不是在等號上方。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,array}
\newcommand\VV{{\mathcal V}}
\newcommand\WW{{\mathcal W}}
\begin{document}
\[\begin{array}{r@{}>{{}}c<{{}}@{}l}
(E\VV_{i+1})^{\perp}
&=&(EA^{-1}(E\VV_i))^T\\
&\stackrel{\text{Lem.1.1(i)}}{=}&E^{-T}(A^{-1}(E\VV_i))^{\perp}\\
&\stackrel{\text{Lem.1.1(ii)}}{=}&E^{-T}(A^T(E\VV_i))^{\perp}\\
&=&E^{-T}(A^T\widehat{\WW}_{i+1})\\
&=&\widehat{\WW}_{i+2}
\end{array}
\]
\end{document}
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\newcommand\VV{{\mathcal V}}
\newcommand\WW{{\mathcal W}}
\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
(E\VV_{i+1})^{\perp}
&=(EA^{-1}(E\VV_i))^T\\
&=E^{-T}(A^{-1}(E\VV_i))^{\perp} && \text{by Lem.~1.1(i)}\\
&=E^{-T}(A^T(E\VV_i))^{\perp} && \text{by Lem.~1.1(ii)}\\
&=E^{-T}(A^T\widehat{\WW}_{i+1})\\
&=\widehat{\WW}_{i+2}
\end{align*}
\end{document}